Efeito da nanopartícula de curcuma longa in vitro : citotoxicidade, migração celular e atividade antibacteriana

Abstract

The advancement of nanostructured technologies has expanded the potential applications of natural compounds, particularly those with recognized therapeutic properties, such as turmeric (Curcuma longa). However, modifications in the presentation form of these compounds may significantly influence their interaction with biological systems, making the assessment of their safety and efficacy through standardized experimental methods essential. The present study aimed to evaluate the biological potential of NanoCurcuma formulations with and without preservative, as well as the ethanolic extract of turmeric (Curcuma longa), using in vitro assays of cell viability (MTT), cell migration (Scratch Assay), and antibacterial activity (disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration – MIC). The experiments were conducted using L929 fibroblast cells and standard ATCC bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The MTT assay results allowed the identification of safe concentrations for the evaluated samples, with maintenance of cell viability at low doses. At concentrations above 10 µg/mL, a significant reduction in cell viability was observed in a dose-dependent manner.. The NanoCurcuma formulation without preservative (NSC) exhibited lower toxicity compared to NanoCurcuma with preservative (NCC) and the free extract. In the cell migration assay, NSC at 0.5 µg/mL showed a higher wound closure rate, suggesting a pro-regenerative effect at low concentrations. Conversely, antibacterial assays did not demonstrate microbial growth inhibition, even at high concentrations, possibly due to structural limitations affecting curcuminoid release.Overall, although no detectable antimicrobial activity was observed, the nanostructured formulations demonstrated promising potential for tissue regeneration applications.