Autoavaliação de saúde, capacidade funcional e perfil demográfico, socioeconômico e clínico entre residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos
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2014-04-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Elderly living in Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCI) live with chronic illnesses and pain, which start/intensify disabilities, hamper the maintenance of daily activities and generative negative perceived health conditions. The study objectives were to analyze the demographic, socioeconomic and health conditions profile of elderly living in LTCI; to estimate the prevalence of disability in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and negative self-assessed health and associated factors. Cross-sectional, analytic study, undertaken between May and August 2012, involving 159 elderly living in LTCI, in the house-home and comprehensive care modalities. The target population in this study included elderly without a severe cognitive deficit (scores ≥13 on the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination, Folstein Mchugh (1975), who lived in the seven participating LTCI (n=246), three of which were of the house-home and four of the comprehensive care type. The outcome variables were functional disability (assessed through the Katz Index) and negative self-assessed health (bad/vary bad). Depression symptoms were assessed by means of the thirty-point Geriatric Depression Scale and pain intensity through the verbal descriptors scale. The prevalence rates were presented with the respective confidence interval (95%CI). For analysis, the Prevalence Ratio (PR) and the Poisson regression model were used, including the variables with p<0.10. Values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Most of the population was female (53.5%), with a mean age of 77.1±8.8 years, without a partner (77.2%), with children (64.2%), mean education 3.6±4.0 years; who received retirement benefits (86.0%) and lived at the institution for less than six years (61.8%). Almost 60.0% of the elderly reported that they did not receive visits. The estimated prevalence ratio of morbidities was 90.1%, with higher frequencies for arterial hypertension (52.8%), cataract (51.6%), suspected depression (44.2%) and musculoskeletal diseases (33.3%). Little more than 40% presented four or more diseases. The prevalence of disability for BADL was 35.2% (95%CI: 28.2-42.9), independently associated to living in comprehensive-care LTCI (PR=2.06:1.15-3.74), negative self-assessed health (PR=1.60:1.02-2.46), lying down due to pain in the last seven day (PR=2.54:1.60-4.07) and reporting strong pain/worst possible pain while resting (PR=1.90:1.13-3.21). Negative self-assessed health was observed in 14.5% (95%CI: 9.8-20.8) of the elderly (6.3% = bad and 8.2% = very bad). This variable was significantly associated with the comprehensive-care modality (PR=3.16:1.11-8.92), worst health comparison (PR=1.88:1.03-3.44), suspected depression (PR=6.10:1.44-25.76), lying down because of pain in the last seven days (PR=2.83:1.24-6.49), and mentioning strong pain/worst possible pain while resting (PR=2.72:1.19-6.49). The assessment of elderly from a functional and self-assessed health perspective can favor the multiprofesional approach and contribute to identify factors that predispose to the worsening of health. The need is highlighted to readapt the care practice at Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly.
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ALVES, D. P. M. Autoavaliação de saúde, capacidade funcional e perfil demográfico, socioeconômico e clínico entre residentes em Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos. 2014. 103 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.