Estudo de encapsulação de nanopartículas magnéticas em nanoporos de alumina.
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2010-05-26
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
In this work we investigated the encapsulation of magnetite nanoparticles into the nanopores of anodic alumina membranes using atomic force microscopy (AFM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and electron magnetic resonance (EMR). Three biocompatible magnetic fluids, with different nanoparticle diameters, stably dispersed in water at physiological conditions, were used. The nanoparticles were obtained through the
coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, from which we obtained the nanoparticle size and confirmed the crystal structure. The Scherrer´s relation revealed a
nanoparticle diameter of 10.1nm, 12.3nm and 13.8nm. The alumina membrane were prepared through anodization process. The nanopores were arranged on a hexagonal lattice with an
alumina thickness of 4 μm, a distance between pores (center to center) of 105 nm, and samples containing nanopores with diameter of 35 nm or 80 nm. The method of encapsulation of nanoparticles consisted of depositing a drop of magnetic fluid into the surface of alumina. The fluid enters the nanopores through capillarity carrying the nanoparticles into it. AFM images prove that we had success in encapsulating nanoparticles only for the alumina samples with nanopores with a size of 80 nm. Magnetization data of the alumina sample containing nanoparticles with a diameter of 13.8nm encapsulated into nanopores of 80 nm, revealed an increase, with respect to the first procedure of encapsulation, of 48 % of the nanoparticles internalized into the nanopore after
the second process of encapsulation. Further, different from all the samples investigated, EMR data for the alumina containing nanopores of 80 nm and nanoparticles of 13.8 nm, after the first procedure of encapsulation, had shown perpendicular magnetization with respect to the alumina surface. The EMR spetra were curve fitted using two Gaussian lines, one representing the nanoparticles with magnetization parallel to the surface and the other perpendicular. AFM images suggest, in our sample, that residues on the alumina surface are responsible for the parallel component. The magnetic resonance field data, for the perpendicular contribution, were analyzed taking into account in the energy density terms with uniaxial and cubic symmetry. The uniaxial energy contribution had a term due to magnetic dipolar interaction, between nanoparticles forming a linear chain, a magnetostatic term, due to the nanostructures self-organization, and also a magnetoelastic contribution, which came from the stress generated by the packing of nanoparticles, whose origin were related to the dipolar interaction between nanoparticles forming the linear chain. Indeed, the theoretical analysis allowed us to
conclude that the mean size of the chain could vary from 4 to 9.5 nanoparticles. Finally, after heating the alumina, at 300°C for one hour, which contained nanoparticles with a size of 10.1 nm, and dissolving it in NaOH aqueous solution, AFM data
were obtained. The AFM images confirmed the existence of nanowires. The diameter distribution, obtained from the AFM images, were curve fitted with a lognormal distribution revealing a modal diameter for the nanowires of 25,8 0, ± 4nm and diameter dispersity of 0,30 ± 0,02nm .