Áreas adequadas para a anta-brasileira (Tapirus terrestris, Linnaeus 1758) na Mata-Atlântica: integrando fatores em diferentes escalas espaciais
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2020-02-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
In broad spatial scales, the distribution of the abiotic conditions is commonly used to predict
the species’ distributions and environmental suitability. However, variables on smaller scales
are important to this predicts as well. Anthropic changes on landscape-scale, like habitat
removal and fragmentation, bring meaningful results to species population and can be
overlooked in coarse-scale analysis. Here, we aim to integrate the effects of the processes
which occur in both broad and fine spatial scale, with the effect of climatic variables and the
effect of the variables on the landscape scale level, respectively. To achieve this goal, we
focused on the Atlantic-forest region and used the lowland-tapir as a model to adjust
relationships between a proxy of the abundance of this species and the habitat amount in 31
landscapes distributed on the biome. In the second step, we used Ecological Niche Models to
estimate the environmental suitability in the Atlantic-forest. Finally, we included the values of
suitability as a predictor in Generalizes Linear Models to estimate a proxy of abundance in
response to the effects of habitat amount and environmental suitability to generate the
distribution of this proxy along the biome. Our modeling approach indicated a positive effect
of habitat amount on the local abundance of lowland-tapir, in contrast to climate which did not
have an effect. These results show us a better predictive power when we include the effect of
landscape-scale to estimate environmental suitability. The scale in which the lowland-tapir
perceive the elements of the landscape in the Atlantic-forest was nine kilometers in this study.
However, this scale can change as a function of the fragmentation level. Thus, we reinforce
the importance of inclusion of the smaller scales and processes which occur on the landscape
scale when modeling environmental suitability. Finally, our results indicate that environmental
changes until the radius of nine kilometers on landscapes where the lowland-tapir occur can
affect the persistence of this species. This distance is empirical support to the development of
conservation actions in suitable areas to lowland-tapir in the Atlantic-forest.
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MACHADO FILHO, Cristiano Henrique Gonçalves. Áreas adequadas para a anta-brasileira (Tapirus terrestris, Linnaeus 1758) na Mata-Atlântica: integrando fatores em diferentes escalas espaciais. 2020. 56 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.