O acesso da população negra à graduação da UFG: um estudo sobre a Lei 12.711/2012
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2021-09-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The essay circumscribes aspects of the Research Line “State, Policies and History of
Education”, of the Graduate Program in Education, in the Faculty of Education - Federal
University of Goiás (UFG). This study designates as a broad objective to know the
repercussions of the Law nº 12.711/2012 regarding the inclusion of black people in the most
competitive careers at UFG, in each of the major areas of the Brazilian National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). As specific objectives: discuss the myth of
racial democracy in Brazil; discuss the process of miscegenation in the country; present the
process of adherence to affirmative actions by Higher Education Institutions in Brazil (IES);
portray the academic profile of students in terms of skin color and race, seeking to examine
the trajectory of black quota students regarding performance, fulfillment, and permanence in
the University. As for the methodological aspects, qualitative and quantitative approaches
(quali-quantitative) were used, since it seeks to express a quantitative relationship, but also
to compose an object plus results broad analysis of the UFG research case study.
As for the theoretical foundations, the following mainly authors and essays were used to assist
in the study analysis: Kabengele Munanga, Nilma Lino Gomes, Jessé de Souza (A elite do
atraso), Florestan Fernandes, Thomas Skidmore (Preto no Branco), Silvio Almeida in contrast
with the studies of Gilberto Freyre in the book “Casa Grande e Senzala” (1933). This work
pursues to be relevant according to academic and social perspectives, as it sheds light on
certain issues that were denied for a long time, which, as a matter of fact, made it impossible
to create strategies for their solving and overcoming, since the existence of these problems
was not even recognized. Thus, this dissertation contributes to the evaluation of an
affirmative action public policy, the Law nº 12.711/2012, through a diagnosis regarded to
access of the black population to UFG's high competition careers, hence building a series of
important indicators that the Institution can evaluate and use for their decision making.
In the first part of the study, the myth of racial democracy in Brazil will be addressed; in the
second part, affirmative actions and their repercussions on Higher Education; and, finally, a
historical and Institutional contextualization of the UFG is presented, about the
implementation of affirmative actions and the Quota Policy (Law nº 12,711/2012).
Considering the developed analysis, it will be concluded that the previously mentioned Law
contributed to the access of students from public schools, and also to the access of black
people to the analyzed careers. Since, before this, the occupation of spots by students of this
profile was low or even non-existent during the period of 2010 to 2012. This fact contributes
to the support of the thesis that the Quota Law was and is being of great importance for the
access of black and "pardo" students to the high-demand careers at UFG. However, this
access – when compared to the size of the black population and its educational deficit in
Higher Education – can still be considered not very expressive on a regional scale. Given the
timidness expressed by the inclusion of this group in the UFG, it is detected a need for
renewing and continuing the Law nº 12.711/2012, besides the adoption of other actions that
contribute to the decrease of racial inequalities, such as the access of black people to socially
privileged places.
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PACHECO, J. A. O acesso da população negra à graduação da UFG: um estudo sobre a Lei 12.711/2012. 2022. 214 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.