Avaliação da exposição aguda e sub-letal ao glifosato (N-fosfometil-glicina) e ao AMPA (ácido amino-metil-fosfônico) em brânquias e fígado de Poecilia reticulata com o emprego de biomarcadores moleculares e morfológicos
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2013-02-15
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The present research aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of glyphosate (Nphosphomethyl-glycine),
the active ingredient of Roundup®, as well as of
aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), its main degradation product, in the teleost fish
Poecilia reticulata, commonly known as guppies. Thus, were performed tests Lethal
Concentration mean (LC50) and behavioral, histopathology and proteomics analysis. Male
and female P. reticulata presented median lethal concentration (LC50) at 96h the values of
68.78 and 70.87 mg/L for glyphosate and 180.00 and 164.32 mg/L for AMPA,
respectively, characterizing them as practically non toxic compounds to guppies. However,
the results of behavioral analyses showed that both products generate stressing situations to
the fish, causing behavioral changes such shock against the tank walls, hypoactivity,
irregular swimming, swimming on the surface of water, darkening of the body,
aggressiveness, and lethargy. Histopathological and morphometric analyses of liver and
gill of guppies exposed to sublethal concentrations of glyphosate (35mg/L) and AMPA
(82 mg/L) indicated that both organs were affected . The gills of fish exposed to the
tested products presented higher reaction rates to progressive changes, such as proliferation
of the interlamellar epithelium and partial and total fusion of secondary lamellae. Liver
presented higher reaction rates to regressive changes, such as steatosis, pyknotic nuclei,
and necrosis. The proteomic analysis showed that Glyphosate induces differential liver
proteins in P. reticulata. The image analysis allowed measuring 225 spots in the control
group and 180 spots in the group exposed to Glyphosate. Of this total, 88 spots were
exclusive to the control group and 43 spots were exclusive of the treated group. Of the 137
spots matched between control and treated groups 13 were down regulated and 8 were up
regulated due to sublethal exposure to Glyphosate. The behavioral, histopathological and
proteomic changes observed indicated that, although considered to have low toxicity to
animals in the guides that evaluate toxicity of chemicals, both glyphosate and AMPA
promote that are deleterious to animal health, indicating the need to establish new
parameters or modify concepts indicating the need to use several biomarkers, beyond
assessing the mortality rate, to establish a more reliable criteria for toxicity parameters.
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ANTUNES, A. M. Avaliação da exposição aguda e sub-letal ao glifosato (N-fosfometil-glicina) e ao AMPA (ácido amino-metil-fosfônico) em brânquias e fígado de Poecilia reticulata com o emprego de biomarcadores moleculares e morfológicos. 2013. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.