A formação do pensamento teórico na teoria do ensino desenvolvimental: contribuições para o ensino de Química

Abstract

This research is linked to the Research Line: Training, Teaching Professionalization and Educational Work and has as its object the contributions of the theory of developmental teaching for teaching Chemistry in High School. We start from the assumption that the primary social function of the school is the teaching of the knowledge historically accumulated by humanity, synthesized in Science, Art and Philosophy and that this knowledge in the form of scientific concepts, plays a fundamental role in the process of human development. Based on the historical- cultural theory of development and Vassili Vassilievitch Davidov's (1982, 1987, 1988, 2003) developmental theory of developmental teaching, we understand that school education that promotes learning and development is organized in a way that instigates students' theoretical thinking. The main objective of this research is to identify and analyze the contributions of the theory of developmental teaching to the teaching of Chemistry in High School. Seeking to understand the pedagogical-didactic foundations of this theory through the accomplishment of a didactic-formative experiment with students of the first year of High School of a public school in Cuiabá-MT. The methodology used in this research consists in the accomplishment of a didactic- formative experiment, taking as object of teaching and learning the substances and materials ́ content. The concrete result of the experiment was the interaction of the teacher with the groups and the interaction with the group in general. The accomplishment of the didactic-formative experiment allowed us to follow and understand better how the complex process of learning of the scientific concepts takes place, as well as to identify and analyze certain contributions of the theory of developmental teaching to the organization of the teaching of Chemistry. The students at the end of the experiment developed the formation of a creative thought that was constructed from the historical process on materials and substances, which denoted the students greater autonomy in the use of this knowledge in situations that they did not have at the beginning of the experiment.