Os efeitos da musicoterapia nos níveis de ansiedade e de estresse em portadores de válvula cardíaca

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in many countries. The Cardiology Brazilian Society believes that the valve disease represents a significant proportion of hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease. Patients who undergo invasive procedures, related to heart valve disease, require a multiprofessional monitoring. This is a qualitative and quantitative study that aims to investigate what the effects of Music Therapy on the levels of anxiety and stress of patients with heart prosthesis are. Patients older than eighteen, who had expressed their acceptance by the Term of Free and Informed Consent, which did not make use of psychotropic drugs and were not going through another non-pharmacological therapy, were included. The research was developed at the Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Goiás (Cardiology Service, Hospital das Clinicas, Federal University of Goiás). The following data collection instruments were used: music therapeutics form, scale for stress evaluation, trace-state anxiety inventory, session reports, audio and / or video. The music therapy process, in a humanistic perspective, was developed by music therapist / researcher, using specific techniques of Musicotherapy in the course of ten weeks. A group of three female patients, aged 29 to 44 attended all phases of the screening. It was evident that Musicotherapy helped reduce the stress and anxiety of the participating patients. The chosen songs and testimonies at the end of the consultations expressed internal contents and showed feelings such as; suffering, overcoming and resilience among the participants. Regarding quantitative data, there was an improvement, but without statistically significant differences. Musicotherapy may be among the non-drug treatment options for patients, who underwent implantation of metal / biological heart valve, to reduce stress and anxiety.