Indicadores utilizados em saúde bucal no Brasil
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2013-10-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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After 25 years of the establishment of the Unified Health System (SUS, acronym in Portuguese) in Brazil, this system managers and servants have concentrated efforts to overcome the challenges concerning the provision of health services with fairness and efficiency. Planning can contribute with the management in order to avoid that actions are implemented randomly or not adequately with the reality of the population; or without prioritization. Therefore, the SUS’ managers require health indicators designed to facilitate the evaluation, measurement and representation of health status, as well as the performance of a health system. The aim of this study was to analyze the indicators used in oral health in Brazil present in the government policies and scientific articles published in the period between the years 2000 and 2012. The study was configured as a literature review in the Lilacs and SciELO database and a documentary research on the website of Brazilian Ministry of Health. The indicators that emerged from the scientific articles analyzes (n=221), were categorized into: oral health conditions, socio-economics, demographics and management. In 34% of these articles management indicators were identified, in the following topics: supply, demand and services’ performance. Among the management indicators, the most cited were: access to dental visit, reason for the use of the services and the kind of service that was used. Among the socio-economic indicators: income and human development. In the demographic, age and gender. And about the oral health condition, the DMFT and GOHAI. Regarding the documentary guidelines, the topics mentioned the Pact Indicators of Primary Care; Pacts for Health; and the National Program for Improving Access to Quality Primary Care (PMAQ, acronym in Portuguese). Among the indicators of the guidelines were reminded the coverage of the first dental appointment, the action of supervised tooth brushing and coverage of oral health teams. In the triangulation of sources, coincident indicators in the articles and in the government guidelines were identified. It is concluded that there is a variety of indicators with different forms of calculation, data collection instrument and information source. Different denominations for the indicators were found in the scientific articles; it requires a standardization of the terms related to the topic, in addition to the aspects related to its calculation method. The management must prioritize the indicators with a reliable source and easily available collection. Government guidelines brought little progress in terms of proposals for oral health indicators. Over time, new oral health indicators were established by Brazilian Ministry of Health, at the same time as others were excluded. PMAQ’s publication inserted new indicators in this field that may contribute with the management. The description of the methodological aspects of the indicators allowed the systematization of the procedures described in the various articles and ministerial publications, which contributed with knowledge on the subject, allowing the use of these indicators in professional practice of management and assistance.
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FRANÇA, Mary Anne de Souza Alves. Indicadores utilizados em saúde bucal no Brasil. 2013. 393 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Saúde Coletiva) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.