Avaliação da história evolutiva do gene HLA-G por meio de polimorfismos de base única e da inserção AluyHG
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Data
2013-11-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
The Major Histocompatibility Complex is mainly composed by genes of the adaptive
immune response. In humans, part of this complex is known as the Human Leukocyte
Antigens (HLA), whose genes are responsible for specific antigen presentation to effector
immune cells. The classical class I HLA genes (HLA-A, -B and -C) are responsible for
antigen presentation to T CD8+ cells and they constitute the most polymorphic genes in
the human genome. This variability is maintained by selection mediated by
microorganisms. In contrast to their classical counterparts, the non classical class I genes
(HLA-G, -E and -F) present low variability and are associated with immune tolerance due to
the interaction with NK and T cells inhibitor receptors. HLA-G is the most studied non
classical gene, which is associated with immune response modulation, mainly during
pregnancy. Considering that natural selection is acting on the HLA-G regulatory regions
maintaining high heterozigosity in this region, we evaluated a nearby Alu insertion
(AluyHG) correlating this Alu element with coding and 3’UTR HLA-G polymorphisms. The
AluyHG insertion was particularly associated with the HLA-G haplotype known as
G*01:01:01:01/UTR-1, considered a high-expressing HLA-G haplotype. The
G*01:01:01:01/UTR-1/AluyHG haplotype would be the most recent HLA-G haplotypes, in
spite of its high frequency in worldwide populations.
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Citação
SANTOS, K. E. Avaliação da história evolutiva do gene HLA-G por meio de polimorfismos de base única e da inserção AluyHG. 2013. 68 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2013.