Forças impulsoras e restritivas para o trabalho em equipe de enfermagem em unidade de urgência e emergência
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2009-05-25
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Teamwork is considered an essential tool in the process of improving health care,
particularly emphasized in the Unique Health System guidelines as one of the axes
that make it feasible the implementation of national health policy. It is a great
challenge to both practitioners and managers, given its complexity. This is a
descriptive exploratory study aimed at analyzing propelling and restrictive forces for
nursing teamwork in an Adult Emergency and Urgency Unit of a public hospital
through Kurt Lewin s approach. Mapping such forces enables managers to better
deal with daily challenges, since they make it possible to categorize them into three
related aspects: the SELF dimension- which includes personal factors, the OTHERincluding
factors concerning interpersonal and ENVIRONMENTAL relations- which
are part of elements not belonging to individuals, but to the environment. This is an
investigation carried out in a school hospital located in the Midwestern Brazil, with 44
professionals taking part constituting the nursing team. Data was collected through
questionnaire, submitted to content analysis process, categorized into dimensions
previously defined. The outcomes showed balance in the teamwork forces domain,
except concerning the ENVIRONMENTAL dimension, which result points to strong
trends towards restrictive forces. The balance identified in the other dimensions
signals that teamwork stagnation exists in the study group, which shows the need for
interventions in order to stimulate and potentialize propelling forces and try to
immobilize and transform restrictive forces. In the SELF dimension individual
attributes, good relationship, friendship/love are seen as propelling forces, whereas
individual limitations, absenteeism, health compromised, and technical competence
limited are seen as restrictive ones. In the OTHER dimension, teamwork potential
and force, active management posture and commitment/competence of both team
and supportive areas are seen as propelling forces. As propelling forces in the same
proportion relational limitation for teamwork and management posture which harm
their work, as well as the harmed interpersonal relationship. Regarding the
ENVIRONMENT, the propelling aspects are: proper setting and physical structure,
efficient nursing records and integration between the clinical and supportive areas.
Among restrictive aspects, dynamics and inadequate functioning of the unit, limited
physical structure, shortage of material/equipment, and limited pharmacy service are
highlighted. Identification of such factors shows that in the EUU there is a force field
which needs to be developed towards teamwork, which may result in the betterment
of quality of assistance and working conditions. For this reason, they need to be part
of the institutional planning. Mapping such forces has enabled a concrete and
objective view of the limitations and potential of the team studied, showing ways to
orient changing processes. As a tool to be incorporated in the human resources
management models for healthcare, this referential helps developing strategies to
mobilize individual synergy and working teams, as well as with the elements favoring
its effectiveness.
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Citação
SILVA, Ana Paula. Propelling and restrictive forces for nursing teamwork in an emergency and urgency unit. 2009. 154 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Cuidado em Enfermagem) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2009.