Efeito do contexto social e ambiental na emissão de sinais acústicos e visuais em hilídeos noturnos ( amphibia, anura)
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2014-05-21
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The efficiency of intraspecific communication directly affects male reproductive
success. Acoustic signaling is the primary form of communication in nocturnal anurans.
However, visual signaling can also be important in social interactions. We tested the
hypothesis that open environments favor visual signals in a territorial defense context,
in a nocturnal tree frog. We established three treatments with eight males of Hypsiboas
albomarginatus each: i) Clear Vision, with a mirror without visual obstacles; ii)
Obstructed Vision, with half the mirror covered, and iii) Control, with mirror
completely covered. We classified behavioral responses into orientation/locomotion,
visual display, or acoustic signal. We calculated the mean emission rate per minute per
behavior in each treatment, and compared them among treatments using one-way
NOVA. Orientation and locomotion, visual display, and the advertisement call did not
differ among treatments. However, the emission of aggressive calls in the Obstructed
Vision treatment was significantly higher than in the Clear Vision treatment. The lowest
rate of aggressive calls occurred in the Control. Thus, visual recognition of an intruder
male was enough for resident males to adjust their rate of emission of acoustic
aggressive signals, but not visual displays. Therefore, the recognition of the intruder
male is not the only feature required for the evolution of visual signals in nocturnal
treefrogs during agonistic interactions. This suggests that some visual displays may not
be directly used for communication, but rather constitute displacement activity.
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SOUZA, Raíssa Furtado. Efeito do contexto social e ambiental na emissão de sinais acústicos e visuais em hilídeos noturnos ( amphibia, anura). 2014. 130 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2014.