Caracterização e avaliação de apneias obstrutivas induzidas em ratos com epilepsia e seu impacto no sono, respostas cardiovasculares e de esforço respiratório
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2020-02-28
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Mortality rates are considerably higher in individuals with epilepsy and the most common category of death related is Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). Multifactorial mechanisms related to autonomic and respiratory cardiac changes underlying SUDEP. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has a high incidence in patients with epilepsy and it is a risk factor for SUDEP. The aim of this study was to characterize OSA in animals with epilepsy. For this, Wistar rats (230-250g) were submitted to Pilocarpine model of epilepsy. After 30-60 days of chronic epilepsy, the animals were submitted to surgical procedures to evaluation of sleep and heart rate, respiratory effort and induction of obstructive apneas. Rats with epilepsy had altered basal sleep, with decreasing REM in 24-hour record and increased wakefulness and decreased NREM sleep in the dark phase of the cycle. Both NREM and REM sleep of these rats had a higher percentage of delta waves, and REM had lower theta waves. Rats with epilepsy had higher spontaneous central sleep apneas. Control rats had REM-sleep apneas longer than NREM-sleep apneas. This difference did not occur in rats with epilepsy. OSA did not altered sleep fraction in any group. In Epilepsy group, there was decrease in REM fraction at the first 8 h of recovery sleep of REM-apneas. Cardiovascular and respiratory effort during OSA and chemoreflex response were similar between groups. However, in epilepsy, there was a tendency to low in both respiratory effort in awake apneas and pressure response induced bychemoreflex. In epilepsy, there was higher density of NK1 in pré-Bötzinger and lower number of serotonergic neurons in Raphe Magnus and Pallidus. Therefore, rats with epilepsy had alteration on sleep-wake cycle and in sleep-delta/theta ratio. Also, the mechanisms related to end of OSA were altered, possibly by alteration in neurons of respiratory control.
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SUDEP , Sono , Quimiorreflexo , Núcleo retrotrapezoide , Núcleos da rafe , Bötzinger , Sleep , Chemoreflex , RTN , Raphe nuclei , Bötzinger
Citação
LIMA JÚNIOR, C. Q. Caracterização e avaliação de apneias obstrutivas induzidas em ratos com epilepsia e seu impacto no sono, respostas cardiovasculares e de esforço respiratório. 2020. 66 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológica) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2020.