Significados e sentidos da relação dialógica em grupos na construção da autonomia de usuários de álcool e outras drogas em CAPS AD III

Abstract

Introduction: This qualitative study explored the meanings and significance of dialogical relationships within therapeutic groups in the autonomy process of individuals who use alcohol and other drugs at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs (CAPS AD III). The research investigated users’ perceptions in a group context, highlighting the importance of dialogical interactions and group therapy in promoting mental health autonomy and human development. Although abundant literature addresses the individual benefits of each approach, the intersection of dialogue and supportive group environments in fostering autonomy remains underexplored. Understanding this dynamic is crucial for developing more effective and humanized therapeutic interventions that empower individuals to make decisions and manage their lives with greater independence. Grounded in the psychosocial care model, a humanistic stance, and the dialogical approach of Gestalt therapy, this study describes the autonomy process through group experiences, emphasizing its relevance for mental health and clinical practice. Objective: To investigate how dialogical relationships in group experiences contribute to the autonomy-building process of individuals who use alcohol and other drugs at CAPS AD III. Methodology: This descriptive, exploratory qualitative study employed focus group techniques. Data were analyzed using Laurence Bardin’s Content Analysis method, which addresses subjective reality to describe the phenomenon of human interaction with oneself, others, and the world. The study was conducted from July to October 2024, involving 11 adult participants from CAPS AD III in Goiânia. Results: Analysis based on guiding questions resulted in the construction of three categories and eight subcategories. The first category, First Contact–Reception: A Reflective Perspective, includes two subcategories: Psychosocial Impacts Related to Problematic Alcohol and Drug Use and Demotivation and Lack of Life Meaning. The second category, Therapeutic Group: A Place of Care, encompasses The Potential of Dialogical Relationships in Group Contexts and Significant Changes Through Group Interaction. The third category, Therapeutic Process and Autonomy, comprises four subcategories: A New Sense of Purpose; Achievements, Projects, and Dreams; Responsibility for Work Activities and Commitments; and Significant Changes in Family and Social Relationships, Including Reduced Conflicts. Conclusion: The therapeutic group emerged as a welcoming space. Building bonds and fostering dialogical relationships are crucial for promoting autonomy by empowering individuals to recognize their needs, potential, and existential skills. This led to significant changes in how participants relate to themselves, others, and the world, reaffirming holistic care as a central principle of psychosocial approaches to mental health.