Dessincronização forçada da atividade/repouso durante o período gestacional de ratas Wistar: quais as consequências sobre os parâmetros cardiometabólicos observadas na prole?
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2021-04-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
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The circadian system disruption has been associated with several health problems. In shifts work women there is a higher incidence of metabolic disorders and problems during the gestational period. Thus, we sought to determine whether the induction of forced internal circadian desynchronization during the pregnancy of Wistar rats would lead to reproductive changes or metabolic disorders in mothers after lactation period, as well as whether there would be cardiometabolic consequences in their adulthood offspring. Methods: Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a group: control (CTR), subjected to a light / dark (LD) 12h (T24) cycle; and desynchronized (DSC) subjected to a symmetrical LD cycle of 11h (T22) during pregnancy. The respective offspring (pCTR and pDSC) were followed for 90 days. In the mothers, the oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and the intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (ipITT) were performed on the 22nd postnatal day, as well as in the puppies at 90 days. For 8 weeks, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) in the offspring were verified through tail plethysmography. After 24 hours of the oGTT test, all animals were euthanized for tissue collection. Results: DSC rats exhibited a higher percentage of locomotor activity during the light phase and a lower percentage in the dark phase of the LD cycle than the CTR during the gestational period, without difference in total. There were no changes in body weight gain and relative intake food and water between groups. Regarding reproductive aspects, there were no significant differences between groups or in the number of pups per litter as for body weight at birth. After weaning, only DSC mothers had a lower glucose decay constant (Kitt) in the ipITT test. The pDSC showed higher weight gain in the 7th and 8th week after weaning. However, there were no significant differences in the epididymal, mesenteric, inguinal and retroperitoneal adipose tissue mass between groups. SBP and HR over 8 weeks also showed no significant differences between groups. After 90 days, the pDSC showed higher heart weight, pancreas and brown adipose tissue and a reduction in renal mass when compared to their control pairs. However, after lactation, DSC mothers showed a reduction in plasma glucose uptake, suggesting glucose intolerance or impaired insulin sensitivity. Although pDSC in adulthood showed higher gain in total body mass and changes in tissue weights that are important for the balance of cardiometabolic functions, it was not possible to detect significant changes in PAS and HR levels, nor in glycemic metabolism tests. Histological analysis of renal tissue did not show any changes, whereas cardiac analysis showed a greater deposition of interstitial and perivascular fibrosis. These results suggest that forced internal desynchronization during pregnancy did not result in negative reproductive consequences for mothers; however, it was responsible for a cardiac tissue remodeling adult pDSC.
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XAVIER, I. C. M. Dessincronização forçada da atividade/repouso durante o período gestacional de ratas Wistar: quais as consequências sobre os parâmetros cardiometabólicos observadas na prole? 2021. 73 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2021.