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Item Isolamento e identificação de Klebsiella de solo de cerrado e o uso de suas enzimas para modificação química de fungicidas(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-10-23) LOPES, Flavio Marques; SILVEIRA, Sydnei Mitidieri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9042287508998087; FERNANDES, Kátia Flávia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9737543228759171In this research, open ground samples (Brazilian Savannah Cerrado) proceeding from treated cultures of soy with Opera® (epoxiconazol and piraclostrobin) had been used as source of resistant microorganisms to fungicide. The sample were collected in July 2006, in three points of planted area and two depths, 0 to 20 cm, and from 80 cm to 1m, next to the state highway GO-139, in the towns of São Miguel do Passa Quatro, in a producing farm model of soy seeds, where Opera® was used since its launching in 2002. The collection point was characterized as a risk place for ecological accidents, presenting area with extensive agriculture activity, intense use of pest management, soil with good level of infiltration and storage of water, and areas of declivity. The microorganism s selection was carried through using selective solid J.E. supplemented with 0.1% of Opera® with microorganisms collected in depth of 80cm. In a previous selection, 9 microorganisms were isolated, and from these, the one that showed a better growth within the selective J.E. liquid supplemented with 0.03% of Opera® (1805) was chosen for the development of this research. The analysis for coloration of Gram-negative showed that the isolated microorganism is one bacillococcus Gram-negative with poliphormic characteristics, being sensible to all the tested antibiotics. Biochemical identification made through the method of Bactray®, presented a correlaction of 99% with the genus Klebsiella. Through molecular identification by the gene 16S rDNA, it was possible to find a correlaction of 99% of similarity with the species K.pneumoniae and K. oxytoca. The proteins released by the Klebsiella in a supplemented environment with 0.03% of Opera had been precipitated with acetone, obtaining two proteinic fractions, a soluble (FS) and the other insoluble (FI) in a 0,1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer, pH 6.0. In the soluble solution (FS), it was found an oxirredutase from the peroxidases family, which uses hydrogen peroxide as an agent and several substrates as reducing agents, presenting greater activity for pyrogallol, TMB, o-dianisidine and catechol. In a chromatogram obtained through separation by molecular exclusion in Sephadex G- 100, two peaks with peroxidasic activities had been observed. Peak 1 presented two bands in SDS-PAGE, one with39.3 kDa and another one with 24.6 kDa. In the FI, it was possible to determine the presence of one hydrolysis with capacity to break the bonds between the ester molecule, from the family of carboxylesterases esterase B. The esterase B presented activity against casein substrates (9.3 UE), BApNA (1.31 UE), pNPP (0.01), presenting 5,4% activity of inhibition after incubation with E64, 6.5% activity of inhibition after incubation with protease inhibitors cocktail containing AEBSF and 7.5% of inhibition after incubation with TLCK. The electrophoreses of FI presented two protein bands with molecular mass of approximately 61.7 kDa for superior band and 60.7 kDa for the inferior band. The enzymatic characterization using pNPP showed high activity in pH 5.0 and pH 7.0. Esterase B kept 100% of activity after 120 minutes of incubation at 60oC. The presence of ZnCl2, EDTA, MgSO4 and CuSO4 had presented an inhibition effect of 16%, 16%, 23.2% and 40.8% respectively, within the enzyme activity. Esterase B slightly presented higher activity in the presence of DMSO and acetone, and a reduction of up to 87% comparing to isopropyl alcohol (lower polarity). The vale of Km using pNPP as substratum was of 3.4 mmol L-1, with a Vmax of 0.019 UE. When the selective J.E. supplemented with 0.03% Opera was treated with Klebsiella for 120 h, it had a reduction of 43.7% in the absorbance of the compounds with a peak of 200 nm, 55.7% - 220 nm and 28.7% - 260 nm. Using released enzymes by Klebsiella for treatment of the epoxiconazol standards in the reduction of the absorbance 200, 220 and 260 nm the observed results were 99.7%, 95.7% and 99.5% respectively. Whereas for the pyraclostrobin, the observed reduction were 95.5% and 80.2% for the wave lengths 200 and 260 nm respectivelyItem Estudo morfoanatômico, avaliação da atividade biológica e composição química e variabilidade do óleo essencial da Memora nodosa (SILVA MANSO) Miers - Bignoniaceae(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2008-12-18) TRESVENZOL, Leonice Manrique Faustino; PAULA, José Realino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128Memora nodosa (Silva Manso) Miers is a native savannah plant popularly used for wound cicatrization (leaves and stems) and for treating abdominal pains and scabies (roots). The purpose of this work is to study the morphoanatomy and determine the composition and variability of the constituents of the essential oil obtained from the M. nodosa leaves, as well as its antimicrobial, leishmanicidal, cicatrizing activity and toxicity. Morphologically, M. nodosa is a bush with clumps of straight or curved stems. It has a deep, pivoting root and presents a chandelier shaped structure in the upper part from where the stems sprout. It presents compound, bipinnate, imparipinnate, oppositely crossed leaves. The inflorescence is racemose with golden-yellow flowers. It is characterized by septifrague capsule type fruit with replum and winged seeds. Anatomically the leaves are hypostomatic with predominantly paracytic stomates. The epidermis is uniseriate with a thick cuticle and glandular trichomes throughout the structure of the young leaves. The essential oil from the M. nodosa leaves collected from seven different locations in the Brazilian savannah was analyzed by GC(FID) and GC/MS. Five substances were identified, benzaldehyde and 1- octene-3-ol were the main constituents. Two different classes regarding sampling location and constituents were identified by means of the principal component and grouping analyses. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extracts from leaves, stems, roots and of essential oil from leaves, and the fractions obtained from the roots, were assessed against Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as the Candida albicans fungus, using well diffusion test and the agar dilution method. The ethanolic extract from the roots presented small antimicrobial activity while the hexane and dichloromethane fractions obtained from this extract presented MIC 0.39 mg/mL and 0.78 mg/mL against a number of Gram-positive bacteria and the Candida albicans fungus. The essential oil presented MIC 0.78 mg/mL to 1.56 mg/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was the result of synergic action between the benzaldehyde, 1-octene-3-ol, 1-octanol, linalool and the mandelonitrile, constituents of the essential oil. Promastigote forms of Leishmania chagasi were used for the leishmanicidal assessment and it was verified that the ethanol extract from the leaves presented an IC50 of 93.2 μg/mL and from the roots presented an IC50 of 95.87 μg/mL. The hexane fraction from the roots presented an IC50 of 13.51μg/mL. A mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol was isolated and identified in the hexane fraction obtained from the ethanol extract from the roots. This mixture was tested against L. chagasi resulting in an IC50 of 69.79 μg/mL. The cicatrizing activity of the ethanol extract from the leaves and roots was assessed on skin wounds in rats, and it be noted reepithelization occurred faster only in the group treated with a 2% aqueous solution of the ethanol extract from the roots. This action may be related to the alantoine isolated in the ethanol extract from the roots. The toxicity assessment of the ethanol extracts from roots, leaves and hexane fraction obtained from M . nodosa roots, tested on rats, mice and Artemia salina proved that this plant is not potentially toxic. In conclusion, according to the tests performed, the best results were obtained with ethanolic extract and it presented antimicrobial, wound cicatrization and leishmanicidal activities. Hexane and dichloromethane fractions obtained from roots extract presented antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and the Candida albicans fungus and hexane fraction strong leishmanicidal activity.Item Biotividade de extratos e frações das folhas da Eugenia uniflora L. e da Hyptidendron canum (Pohl ex Benth.) Harley em microrganismos (Bactérias e fungo) e em Oreochromis nilotius(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-01-22) FIUZA, Tatiana de Sousa; PAULA, José Realino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128; SABÓIA-MORAIS, Simone Maria Teixeira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6723881044959716The purpose of this work is to perform the pharmacognostic studies of the species Hyptidendron canum (Pohl ex Benth.) Harley (Lamiaceae) and Eugenia uniflora L. (Myrtaceae), investigate the population variability of the constituents of the essential oil from H. canum leaves and inflorescences, and assess the bioactivity of the crude ethanol extracts and fractions from leaves of this plants against microorganisms (bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans) and on Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus. For the variability study of the H. canum essential oil, samples obtained from leaves and inflorescences from Hidrolândia, Silvânia, Bela Vista and Goiânia cities were analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The anatomic analysis and the phytochemical screening of the leaves from the two species were performed using conventional techniques. The antimicrobial activity was assessed with Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and with the Candida albicans fungus using the well diffusion test and the agar dilution method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The biological activities of the crude ethanol extract and ethyl acetate, hexanic and chloroformic fractions of the leaves from the two species were tested in O. niloticus fish hepatopancreas and gill. The H. canum essential oils analysis indicated high chemovariability in the oils from different locations. The phytochemical screening and the thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis of the H. canum leaves evidenced the presence of flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and lignans, while the E. uniflora leaves evidenced the presence of tannins, steroids, triterpenes, anthraquinonic heterosides, saponinic and flavonoids. As for the antimicrobial activity testing, the crude ethanol extracts from both species presented antimicrobial activity against all the microorganisms tested and the E. uniflora ethyl acetate fraction presented satisfactory activity against resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The H. canum crude extract and fractions presented vasoactive activity in the hepatopancreas and gill of the tilapias, causing varying degrees of vasodilation and vascular congestion. An apparent proliferation of blood capillaries was detected in the hepatopancreas of the fish that ingested the hexanic fraction. The E. uniflora crude extract and the ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexanic fractions caused vasodilation, vascular congestion and tissue alterations in the O. niloticus hepatopancreas and gillsItem Detecção e caracterização molecular de talassemia alfa(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-03-27) PENNA, Karlla Greick Batista Dias; BATAUS, Luiz Artur Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5637230378599476Alpha thalassemia is a syndrome resulting from disturbances in the synthesis of alpha globin chain that forms the tetramer of the hemoglobin molecule. Alpha thalassemia is classified into four types according to the number of alpha genes affected: silent carrier (-α/αα), alpha thalassemia trait (--/αα or -α/-α) Hemoglobin H disease (-- /-α), and fetalis hydrops (--/--). The decrease in synthesis of alpha globin causes inadequate production of hemoglobin resulting in hypochromic and microcytic anaemia. Also it causes accumulation of beta chains, inside the erythrocytes, resulting in formation of beta chain tetramer of hemoglobin called Hb H. Clinically the individual with thalassemia can be asymptomatic or present severe anemia. Asymptomatic forms of thalassemia, silent carrier and alpha thalassemia trait, are more difficult to diagnose because of the inclusions bodies of Hb H are not always present. In these situations it is necessary to research the molecular characterization of the genotype and confirming the presence of alpha thalassemia. This is mainly because the diagnosis by conventional methods, although important, is limited and imprecise. This study evaluated some of the traditional laboratory methods in the detection of alpha thalassemia and associated molecular characterization of the more prevalent deletion forms α3,7 and α4,2. For confirmation and characterization of alpha thalassemia, new oligonucleotides were designed. By conventional PCR technique, using 3.7F/KGB01 primers it was possible to detect the deletion α3,7, differentiating the normal genotype (αα/αα), the heterozygote (-α3,7/αα), and homozygous (-- α3,7/- α3,7). Although it was designed to detect the deletion α3,7, this primers also identified the deletion α4,2 when in homozigose (-α4,2/- α4,2). The primers KGB04/KGB05 detected the deletion α4,2, but without differentiating between the heterozygous and homozygous genotype. The most prevalent deletion founded was the α4,2 (20.0%) which represents 9.2% in the homozygous form (- α4,2/-α4,2). The deletion α3,7 in the heterozygous form was detected in 12.3% of patients. The data demonstrate that the importance of molecular detection for alpha thalassemia is not limited only to the definition of the genotype, but also confirmation of the presence in patients with abnormal erythrogram values, with regular erythrogram values, with values closed to the boundary values and in neonates.Item Caracterização do estado indiferenciado de células tronco embrionárias murinas expandidas na presença de nanopartículas magnéticas e isolamento de células tronco embrionárias a partir de blastócitos bovinos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-08-14) FREITAS, Erika Regina Leal de; GUILLO, Lídia Andreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3401436781775091Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been used in a great variety of biomedical applications, especially in cancer treatment, drug delivery, and diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs), due to its capacity of auto-renewal and differentiation in some types of cells, offer a great potential for its use in tissue regeneration and in alternative treatments for many degenerative diseases. The study had as aims: i) to evaluate in vitro citotoxicity of maghemite nanoparticles functionalized with lauric acid, DMSA, and citrate in human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-37) by the MTT assay, electronic microscopy, and DNA electroforesis by agarose gel; ii) to develop a culture system using the previously selected MNPs and a magnet to expand in vitro murine embryonic stem cells (mESCs) in the absence of a co-culture of murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) (the indifferentiated state of the mES was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase cytochemistry, electronic microscopy, and analysis of Oct-4 and Nanog gene expression by RT-PCR); iii) to isolate and expand ESCs from bovine blastocysts, and to characterize its pluripotency by analysis of Oct-4 and STAT-3 gene expression by RT-PCR. The MNPs coated with lauric acid, citrate, and DMSA showed no citotoxicity, judging by the high values of IC50 found (254, 433 and 2260 μg-iron/ml, respectively), and that the nanoparticles coated with citrate was chosen to expand the mESCs. The doubling time for the cells cultivated in the presence of MNPs was slightly higher than in the presence of MEF (20.67 ± 0.19 vs. 15.95 ± 0.21) (p= 0.001). The mESCs cultivated in the presence of MNPs showed morphology similar to ESCs, and its pluripotency was confirmed by expression of indifferentiation markers Oct-4 and Nanog by RT-PCR and high alkaline phosphatase activity. One bovine embryonic stem cell (bESCs) line was obtained and maintained by six subcultures for 60 days period. The pluripotency of the bESCs was confirmed morphologically as well as by Oct-4 e STAT-3 gene expressionItem O polimorfismo do gene p5372(RP) no câncer de cabeça e pescoço: estudo de associação e meta-análise(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-10-20) SILVA, Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro; CRUZ, Aparecido Divino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868817504129985Head and neck cancer arises in the oral cavity and nearby regions, larynx, pharynx, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, and hipopharynx. Extensive epidemiologic studies have revealed that chronic tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption as the two main risk factors associated with the multifactorial etiology of head and neck cancers. Additionally, nutritional status, HPV infection, and genetic polymorphism were also related with the disease. A frequently studied polymorphism in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of head and neck is a G-to-C SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) at codon 72 in the p53 gene, which codes for an Arg or Pro (Arginine or Proline) in P53 protein. In order to investigate the distribution and potential association of that SNP in SCC, biological samples were obtained from 331 cases of head and neck SCC from Araújo Jorge Hospital and 271 healthy control individuals from Goiânia (Brazil) population. DNA was isolated and subsequently used for PCR amplification to genotype cases and controls with respect to their p5372 SNP. Additionaly, a meta-analysis was carried out using 29 relevant case-control studies that used p5372 SNP genotyping in SCC of the head and neck. Allelic frequencies for cases were 73.3% and 27.7% for Arg and Pro, respectively. On the other hand, control allelic frequencies were 74.2% and 25.8% for Arg and Pro, respectively (p = 0.119). Genotypic frequencies were 56.8% Arg/Arg, 32.9% Arg/Pro, and 10.3% Pro/Pro for all cases. The control genotypic frequencies were 61.3% Arg/Arg, 25.8% Arg/Pro and 12.9% Pro/Pro (p = 0,137). According to the current data and meta-analysis, no association between p5372 SNP and the development of SCC of the head and neck was found. Although, the homozygous genotype Arg/Arg was found as an important oncogenic risk factor associated with the carcinoma of the oropharynx.Item Avaliação Genético-Molecular do Carcinoma das Células Escamosas da Laringe(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-10-21) SILVA, Cláudio Carlos da; CRUZ, Aparecido Divino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868817504129985The larynx is a structure of the upper aerodigestive tract responsible for the production of sounds as well as protecting the lower airways and helping during the normal act of swallowing. Any pathology which affects the larynx can impose several challenges that disrupt its normal physiological function, and consequently and directly resulting in reduction of the patient s quality of life. Among the different diseases that affect the larynx, cancer is one of the most serious. The squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx is a multifactorial disease, influenced by environmental factors and individual behavioral, habits, and susceptibility. The current study describes the molecular and genetic assessment of 20 patients with the squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. In summary, the study strategy included the analyses of the genetic polymorphism of codon 72 of the TP53, the detection and genotyping of HPV genome, assessing genomic instability (MIS and LOH) and random chromosomal imbalances using PCR and CGH approaches. Regarding to the polymorphism of the TP53 gene, arginine homozygous genotypes (p53AA) and arginine-proline heterozygous genotypes (p53PA) were found in 65% (13/20) and 35% (7 / 20) of cases, respectively. HPV genome was found in association with tumor cells in 20% of SCC cases. HPV 16, 11, and 45 were the genotypes identified. Moreover, co-infection of HPV 11 and 45 was also observed. Both samples found positive for HPV genome were associated with p53AA at the TP53 gene. Our results corroborated the data published in the literature that described an increased susceptibility to the virus-induced carcinogenesis of the larynx in arginine homozygous genotypes. Here in we report genomic instability for a panel of 8 microsatellite markers distributed in 5 chromosomes. One locus (D8S135) was found in homozygous for all cases. On the other hand, RH-92600 was not included in the analysis mainly because it was also found homozygous for most cases. We found 76.2% (244/320) of informative loci. Thus the mean frequency of MIS was 9.0% (22/244) and LOH was 6.1% (15/244). The frequency of MIS was found higher than the LOH, suggesting that the tumorigenesis of SCC of the larynx follows a mechanism of mutator phenotype. Using CGH, chromosomal gains were observed in 1q21qter. On the other hand, chromosomal losses occurred in chromosome 3p21p28, 11q23, 16p16, 16q12, 17p13pter and 22q13. The techniques of comparative genomic hybridization have improved the understanding of genetic alterations in squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx, especially for characterizing the relationship between early precursors of laryngeal carcinomas, as well as to identify genomic regions that may contain oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes involved in the tumorigenesis of this anatomical site.Item Identificação proteômica, expressão heteróloga, citolocalização, estudos de regulação transcricional e traducional da Aconitase Mitocondrial de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-18) BRITO, Wesley de Almeida; SOARES, Célia Maria de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8539946335852637Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is a thermal-dimorphic fungus, the causative agent of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), an important endemic mycosis in Latin America. A protein species preferentially expressed in yeast cells with a molecular mass of 80kDa and isoeletric point (pI) of 7.79 was isolated from the proteome of P. brasiliensis and characterized as an aconitase (E.C. 4.2.1.3). Aconitase is an enzyme that catalyzes the isomerization of citrate to isocitrate in both the Krebs cycle (KC) and the glyoxylate cycle (GC). We report the cloning and characterization of the cDNA encoding the aconitase of P. brasiliensis (PbACO). The cDNA showed a 2337 bp open reading frame (ORF) and encoded a predicted protein with 779 amino acids. A polyclonal antibody against the purified recombinant PbACO was obtained in order to analyze the subcellular localization of the molecule in P. brasiliensis. The protein is present in the extracellular fluid, cell wall, mitochondria, cytosol and peroxisomes of yeast cells as demonstrated by western blot and immunocytochemistry analysis. The expression analysis of the Pbaco gene was performed through quantitative real time RT-PCR and results demonstrated increasing expression during differentiation from mycelium to yeast cells. Real time RT-PCR assays was also used to evaluate the Pbaco expression when the fungus grows on media with acetate and ethanol as sole carbon sources and in different iron levels. The results demonstrated that Pbaco transcript is over expressed in acetate and ethanol as sole carbon sources and in highiron conditions.Item Avaliação das atividades genotóxica, antigenotóxica, angiogênica e potencial de cicatrização do látex da Synadenium umbellatum Pax(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-27) REIS, Paulo Roberto de Melo; CHEN, Lee Chen; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4621907105842007Synadenium umbellatum Pax (1894) is a vegetable species from Euphorbiaceae‟s family. The species of this family produce latex. The latex extracted from S. umbellatum has been used by the Brazilian people as anti-tumoral, anti-inflammatory and wound healing agents. However, this latex presents toxic substances and proteolic enzymes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible genotoxic, antigenotoxic, cytotoxic, angiogenic and wound healing activities of S. umbellatum latex (SuL) in rats. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic activities were evaluated by mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. An alkylant agent mitomycin C (4 mg.kg-1 body weight) was used as a positive control. For all doses, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) frequency was evaluated after 24 hours of treatment. To evaluate the antimutagenic activity, animals were treated with 10, 30, 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 and 4 mg. kg-1 of mitomycin C (MMC) simultaneously. The frequency of MNPCE was evaluated 24 hours after exposure. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio (PCE/NCE). Angiogenic activity of the SuL was evaluated in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs. The concentrations of the SuL were of 10 and 20 mg/mL. Wound healing activity was evaluated in skin of rats. The skin fragment was removed with area 3 x 2,5 cm and submitted to topic application with 5 mL of SuL (concentration 10 mg/mL) and positive and negative controls. The results showed that the SuL was strongly mutagenic, cytotoxic, and antimutagenic, and a moderate activity of anticytotoxicity. In the evaluation of the angiogenesis, the SuL has promoted the increase of the proliferation of blood vessels in the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chicken eggs and it also induced the increase of velocity of wound healing in rat skin lesion.Item Avaliação das atividades genotóxica, antigenotóxica, angiogênica e potencial de cicatrização do látex da Synadenium umbellatum Pax(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2009-11-27) Reis, Paulo Roberto de Melo; Lee, Chen Chen; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4621907105842007Synadenium umbellatum Pax (1894) is a vegetable species from Euphorbiaceae‟s family. The species of this family produce latex. The latex extracted from S. umbellatum has been used by the Brazilian people as anti-tumoral, anti-inflammatory and wound healing agents. However, this latex presents toxic substances and proteolic enzymes. The aim of this work was to evaluate the possible genotoxic, antigenotoxic, cytotoxic, angiogenic and wound healing activities of S. umbellatum latex (SuL) in rats. The genotoxic and antigenotoxic activities were evaluated by mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. An alkylant agent mitomycin C (4 mg.kg-1 body weight) was used as a positive control. For all doses, micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPCE) frequency was evaluated after 24 hours of treatment. To evaluate the antimutagenic activity, animals were treated with 10, 30, 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 and 4 mg. kg-1 of mitomycin C (MMC) simultaneously. The frequency of MNPCE was evaluated 24 hours after exposure. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio (PCE/NCE). Angiogenic activity of the SuL was evaluated in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs. The concentrations of the SuL were of 10 and 20 mg/mL. Wound healing activity was evaluated in skin of rats. The skin fragment was removed with area 3 x 2,5 cm and submitted to topic application with 5 mL of SuL (concentration 10 mg/mL) and positive and negative controls. The results showed that the SuL was strongly mutagenic, cytotoxic, and antimutagenic, and a moderate activity of anticytotoxicity. In the evaluation of the angiogenesis, the SuL has promoted the increase of the proliferation of blood vessels in the chorioallantoic xvii membrane of fertilized chicken eggs and it also induced the increase of velocity of wound healing in rat skin lesion.Item Estudo da associação do polimorfismo genético em carcinomas da tiróide(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-02-24) REIS, Angela Adamski da Silva; CRUZ, Aparecido Divino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868817504129985Thyroid nodules are common in clinical practice and the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing throughout the world. Certainly, an important factor for the increase of the incidence is the use of ultrasound and PAFF. The identification of genetic polymosphism is important for understanding the potential mechanisms involved in thyroid carcinogenesis. We hypothesized that polymorphisms of xenobiotic enzyme system (CYP1A1, GSTM1 and GSTT1) and the common germline polymorphism of TP53 gene at codon 72 may be associated with the risk of thyroid cancer. To evaluate the role of such polymorphisms, we investigated 122 cases of thyroid nodules, classified according to the following: 35 malignant neoplasic nodules (MNN), 20 benign neoplasic nodules (BNN) and 67 non-neoplasic nodules (NNN) compared with 134 controls of the healthy individuals randomly selected. The PCR-RFLP was used in the analysis of the CYP1A1m1 and CYP1Am2 genotypes; the multiplex PCR was used in the deletion analysis of the GSTM1 and GSTT1; and for the determination of the polymorphism in the gene TP5372, the samples were submitted to conventional PCR reaction. We included case-control studies that compare the incidence of germline polymorphism of TP5372 in patients with thyroid cancer by DerSimonian-Laird method. Our results demonstrated that CYP1A1m1 and CYP1A1m2 genotypes were frequent not only as neoplasic thyroid nodules and non-neoplasic thyroid nodules but also in the control group, which suggests that those are not associated with thyroid nodules. The null genotype for the GSTT1 gene was predominant in benign nodules compared with the control group (p<0,005) indicated that individuals that possess such null genotypes presented a predisposition to benign thyroid diseases than malignant. The risk analysis, done by Odds Ratio, suggests that the risk genotypes GSTM1 (OR=12,82; p=0,004) and GSTT1 (OR=4,53; p<0,0001) contribute to the development of the BNN and NNN, respectively. The frequency of the p53 Arg allele was significantly higher in both patient and control groups. The genotype p53Arg Arg presents a lower risk to thyroid cancer, indicating that the allele arginine in homozygosis can present a protective effect against thyroid carcinogenesis (OR: 0.15; p<0.0001). The data of the meta-analysis demonstrates that the relation between the genotype and phenotype from the TP5372 polymorphism is not associated with the genetic susceptibility at thyroid cancer. The high incidence of thyroid pathologies among women is a characteristic not completely understood. Therefore, some factors, such as the imbalance of sexual hormones; nutritional deficiencies, especially in iodine; therapeutic exposure to radiation; failures in the control systems of the cellular cycle; and the genetic polymorphism could explain the high incidence of thyroid disease among women. Although the interindividual variation in the susceptibility to thyroid diseases could indicate new perspectives to an early diagnostic and prognostic, the polymorphic profile requires additional studies.Item Morfologia, taxonomia, filogenia, anatomia foliar e titoquímica de espécies do gênero Hyptis Jacq. (Labiatae) ocorrentes em em Goiás e Tocantins(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-04-29) FERREIRA, Heleno Dias; FERRI, Pedro Henrique; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2129799749473005; REZENDE, Maria Helena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5093753722360659The genus Hyptis, with 280 species worldwide, belongs to the family Labiatae (Lamiaceae), subfamily Nepetoideae, tribe Ocimae, and subtribe Hyptidinae. The genus was divided in 27 sections, with 13 of them (Apodotes, Cephalohyptis, Cyanocephalanthus, Cyrta, Eriosphaeria, Gymneia, Induratae, Mesosphaeria, Polydesmia, Pusilae, Trichosphaeria, and Hylodontes) occur in the states of Goiás and Tocantins (Brazil). The collection of botanical material for morphological, taxonomical, anatomical, phytochemical studies, as well as geographical distribution and phylogenetic relationships, was realized with several field trips in the states of Goiás and Tocantins. For morphological studies, several loans of herbarium specimens of Hyptis were requested from Brazilian and international institutions. The genus Hyptis is mostly American, with Neotropical distribution, ranging from southern United States to Argentina. In South America, most species of Hyptis are associated with open areas, and occur from 300 m altitude in the valley of the Rio Araguaia, in Goiás, to 3300 m in the western slopes of the Peruvian Andes. In Goiás and Tocantins they can be found in several vegetation types: cerrado, rocky outcrops, margins of cow pastures, cultivated fields, wet fields, humid forests, and flooded areas with Mauritia palms. In these states they occur in a variety of soils: sandy, sandygravelly, with rocky outcrops, hydromorphic, and latossoils. Specie of the section Cyrta are exclusive of humid and flooded soils. The two main centers of diversity of Hyptis in Brazil are in the states of Minas Gerais and Goiás. Many herbarium specimens were analyzed and many species were studied and collected during field trips in Goiás and Tocantins. The geographic position of each collection was verified with the use of a GPS instrument. The specimens collected were deposited in the UFG Herbarium of the Federal University of Goiás. Thirty-two distribution maps of Hyptis in Goiás and Tocantins were elaborated from the specimens studied. A total of 89 species was catalogued, and 18 of them reported from Goiás and Tocantins were not found during the collecting trips. A key for the identification of the species was elaborated using morphological characters. A parsimony analysis using 35 morphological characters was realized, obtaining 1864 most parsimonious trees and a strict consensus tree. The parsimony analysis supports the monophyly of the sections Gymneya, Cyrta, Apodotes, and Cyanocephalus (except for the H. nitidula - H. peduncularis clade), and indicates that the sections Mesospheria, Xylodontes, Hyptis, Polydesmia, and Eriosphaeria are not monophyletic. Section Trichosphaeria is not well resolved. An anatomical study of 60 species, representing 11 sections of Hyptis, was undertaken. Some characters, as hypodermis, schlerenchimatic sheath extensions, trichomes, stomatal cripts, supply useful taxonomic for inferring phylogenetic relationships within the genus. For the analyses of chemical components, 29 species and two varieties of Hyptis were selected. With the chemical analises, 216 constituents of essential oils were identified, mostly monotherpenes and sesquiterpenes. Average percentage and pattern of each chemical component were calculated. The most common chemical components were arbitrarily selected, as present in nine or more species: sabinene (9 spp.), 1, alpha-tujene, alpha-cubebene, beta-selinene, and 14-hidroxy-(Z)-cariophyllene (10 spp.). alpha-muurolol and 8(13)-dien- 5beta-ol (11 spp.), mircene, cariophil-4 and germacrene B (12 spp.), gamma-cadinene, epialpha- caninol (13 spp.) and 14-hydroxy-9-epi-(E)-cariofilene (13 spp.), 1-epi-cubenol- and gamma-muurolene (14 spp.), humulene poxide II and bicyclogermacrene (16 spp.), betaelemene and alpha-cadinol (17 spp.), beta-pinene (18 spp.), limonene (19 spp.), espatulenol and germacrene D (24 spp.), alpha copaene and beta-bourbonene (25 spp.), delta-cadinene (26 spp.), alpha-humulene (27 spp.), cariofilene oxide and (E)-cariofilene (28 spp.). Two dendrograms were obtained with two multivariate analyses of chemical constituents, one with quantitative data and the other with qualitative data (presence/absence). Species of section Cyanocephalus were the only ones found in a consistent group in both dendrograms based on chemical constituents. The data obtained in the present study contribute important information for the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the genus Hyptis and the subtribe Hyptidinae, and ultimately for the family Labiatae.Item Caracterização do plasmídeo pVCM 04 extraídos de Salmonella enterica isolada de carcaçãs de frangos(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010-05-31) CARNEIRO, Lílian Carla; BATAUS, Luiz Artur Mendes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5637230378599476A small cryptic plasmid isolated from Salmonella enterica Enteritidis called pVCM04 was sequenced and characterizated. pVCM04 is a 3583 pb circle molecule that showed no homology with other plasmids deposited in the GenBank. 12 ORF with more than 50 aminoacids were predicted using the ORF finder program. ORF1 and ORF2 showed homology with replication proteins of different plasmids. ORF 3-5 showed homology with mobilization proteins present in several plasmids; the others seven ORF showed no homology with genes deposited in GenBank. The pVCM04 possess a region with more than 500 pb that is not associated with none of the predicted proteins. This region is organizated in a G+C rich, A+T rich and two repeat direct sequences. The second repeat direct sequence contains a region of DnaA box connection (TTTACAC). This region is probably associated to the replication origin theta type. The phylogenetic relationship among replicase and mobilization deduced protein showed highest similarity of replicase proteins than mobilization proteins. Conjugation experiments showed that the pVCM04/pUC18 fusion not have a good ability to transfer, the plasmid stability test showed that the cells lost 60% of pVCM04/pUC18 on the first day of cultivation. The characterization suggests that the pVCM04 probably would be a cryptic plasmid from fusion of different ancestral plasmid.Item Avaliação da atividade tipo ansiolítica do óleo essencial das folhas de Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hil. - possível mecanismo envolvido(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-02-28) Galdino, Pablinny Moreira; Costa, Elson Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2607893423583912A ansiedade está entre as patologias crônicas mais comuns em todo o mundo. Em Brasília (capital federal do Brasil) os transtornos de ansiedade afetam 12,1 % da população, sendo o diagnóstico psiquiátrico mais prevalente. Desde a introdução dos benzodiazepínicos na década de 60, eles têm sido os fármacos mais prescritos no tratamento da ansiedade, porém seus efeitos colaterais são proeminentes, tais como sedação, miorelaxamento, ataxia, amnésia e dependência farmacológica. Sendo assim, novas terapias são necessárias no tratamento dos transtornos de ansiedade e o estudo com plantas medicinais pode prover novas opções terapêuticas. A Spiranthera odoratissima A. St. Hillaire (Rutaceae), popularmente conhecida como manacá, é um arbusto encontrado em região de Cerrado utilizado na medicina popular para tratar doenças renais, hepáticas, dores de estômago e cabeça, e reumatismo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as atividades farmacológicas do óleo essencial extraído das folhas de S. odoratissima (OEM) no sistema nervoso central, em camundongos, direcionando para o estudo do efeito tipo ansiolítico e possíveis mecanismos envolvidos. O OEM aumentou o número de cruzamentos e o tempo de permanência no centro do campo aberto sem alterar o número total de áreas cruzadas neste teste e o desempenho no teste da barra giratória. No teste do sono induzido por pentobarbital, o OEM reduziu a latência e aumentou o tempo de sono. Nos modelos experimentais de ansiedade, o OEM aumentou o número de comportamentos de mergulhos no teste da placa perfurada, as entradas e o tempo de permanência nos braços abertos no labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE). Além de aumentar também o número de transições e o tempo de permanência no compartimento claro no teste da caixa claro/escuro (CCE). Foi investigado o mecanismo de ação deste efeito tipo ansiolítico através do pré-tratamento com um antagonista benzodiazepínico (flumazenil) ou um antagonista de receptor 5- HT1A (NAN-190) nos testes de LCE e CCE. O efeito tipo ansiolítico do OEM foi antagonizado apenas pelo pré-tratamento com o NAN-190. Em conclusão, estes resultados sugerem que o óleo essencial de S. odoratissima possui efeito tipo ansiolítico sem alterar os parâmetros locomotores, sendo esse efeito mediado via receptor 5HT1A, mas não via sítio benzodiazepínico do receptor GABAA.Item Fitoquímica e atividades biológicas de pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L. R. Landrum (Myrtaceae)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2011-03-21) Paula, Joelma Abadia Marciano de; Paula, José Realino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3191837532986128; Paula, José Realino de; Espíndola, Laila Salmen; Menezes, Antônio Carlos Severo; Tresvenzol, Leonice Manrique Faustino; Silva, Maria do Rosário RodriguesThe purpose of this work is to carry out the phytochemical study and evaluate biological activities of the essential oil and extracts of the Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus (Gomes) L.R. Landrum (Myrtaceae) leaves. Chapter 1 provides a review of the main botanical aspects of the genus Pimenta, its chemical composition and pharmacological potential. Chapter 2 describes the occurrence of infraspecific variability in P. pseudocaryophyllus. For this the essential oils from 12 specimens of P. pseudocaryophyllus that occur naturally in three different locations of the Brazilian Cerrado underwent a qualitative and quantitative analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The multivariate statistical analysis identified three chemotypes of P. pseudocaryophyllus, characterized by the predominance of citral, (E)-caryophyllene and (E)-methyl isoeugenol constituents. Chapter 3 presents the phytochemical assessment of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions obtained from the crude ethanol extract of P. pseudocaryophyllus leaves. Chromatographic and spectrophotometric (1H and 13C) methods enabled the isolation and identification of lupeol, α-and -amyrin, oleanolic, ursolic and betulinic acids, quercetin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, afzelin, avicularin, guaijaverin, catechin, ellagic acid and gallic acid. Chapter 4 assesses the antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extracts, fractions (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous), essential oils and isolated compounds of citral (CQ) and (E)-methyl isoeugenol (MQ) chemotypes of P. pseudocaryophyllus. The broth microdilution test was applied to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against strains of Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacteria, and of Candida and Cryptococcus spp fungi. The CQ and MQ dichloromethane fraction, CQ ethyl acetate fraction, and CQ essential oil were the most active (MIC = 62.5 to 500 mg / mL) against Gram(+). The oleanolic acid proved to also be responsible for this action. The CQ and MQ extracts of P. pseudocaryophyllus were active (MIC = 7.8 to 500 mg / mL) against most strains of Candida spp and Cryptococcus spp, where gallic acid, ellagic acid and quercitrin contributed to this action. The data obtained indicate the antimicrobial potential of CQ and MQ P. pseudocaryophyllus against some infectious diseases. Chapter 5 describes the antinociceptive activity, in mice, of CQ and MQ ethanol extracts, CQ fractions and CQ essential oil, and the anti-inflammatory activity of CQ crude ethanol extract of P. pseudocaryophyllus. The abdominal writhing test induced by intraperitoneal administration (ip) of acetic acid (1.2% v / v) and the ear edema test induced by croton oil (2.5% V/V) were performed. The CQ crude ethanol extract (2000, 1000 and 500 mg/kg, po) showed a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect. Among the fractions, only the aqueous fraction was not active. The CQ essential oil (60, 200 and 600 mg / kg, po) presented significant antinociceptive activity, probably because of its high citral concentration. Pretreatment with CQ crude ethanol extract (2000, 1000 and 500 mg / kg) reduced edema by 14.3 ± 0.4 mg (control) to 10.9 ± 0.5, 11.3 ± 0, 4, 10.5 ± 0.5 mg, respectively. The analgesic effect may be related to an anti-inflammatory action observed in the ear edema test.Item Estudos bioquímicos e moleculares de genes de trichoderma envolvidos no mecanismo de micoparasitismo(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012-03-30) Siqueira, Saulo José Linhares de; Ulhoa, Cirano José; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8368469162867277; Ulhoa, Cirano José; Noronha, Eliane Ferreira; Rubini, Marciano Régis; Faria, Fabrícia de Paula; Silva, Silvana Petrofeza daSpecies of Trichoderma are commercially applied as biological control agents and are antagonists of important plant pathogenic fungi (as Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia and Fusarium species) due to its mycoparasitic characteristics. Research has been performed to have a better comprehension of molecular aspects of the biocontrol mechanisms performed by Trichoderma and to find isolates with high antagonistic potential against plant pathogens. In the present study the expression of mycoparasitism-related genes was performed T. asperellum T00 and T. harzianum ALL42 (Enzimologia group ICB/UFG fungal collection) that have great potential as biocontrol agent. Each chapter of this work refers to one of the species studied. In Chapter 1 T. asperellum isolate T00, known to produce high levels of cell wall degrading enzymes, has its β-1,3-glucanases enzymes and genes (tag83 and tag27) studied. The gene tag27 was cloned and characterized and codes to an 27kDa endo-β-1,3glucanase with and 285 aminoacids and 96% similar to a glucanases from T.atroviride. The enzyme was detected when T. asperellum was grown in Rhizoctonia solani or Sclerotinia sclerotiorum cell wall-containing media but not in Fusarium oxysporum cell wall-containing media. The tag83 and tag27 genes was repressed in media containing glucose as carbon source and upregulated in cell wall containing media and during plate confrontation tests with pathogenic fungi. Chapter 2 shows T. harzianum isolate ALL42 genes involved in mycoparasitism against R. solani or S. sclerotiorum detected using subtractive hybridization approach. T. harzianum was grown with R. solani or S. sclerotiorum cell wall as carbon source and the RNA used both as tester and driver in each of two subtractive library constructed. Sequencing analysis resulted in 47 genes related with growth in R. solani cell wall media and 114 genes related with growth in S. sclerotiorum cell wall media. To confirm the obtained data, 18 genes were tested by quantitative real time RT-PCR and 9 were differentially expressed in the same condition of the library they were detected. Five of these genes were also differentially expressed during plate confrontation assay with the respective pathogen, two of them expressed during contact with R. solani (cutinase and alginate lyase) and 3 during contact with S. sclerotiorum (hsp98, serin endopeptidase and a hypotetic gene). The results presented in this study provides additional information about the role of 1,3glucanase genes in mycoparasitism and of other genes related to antagonism against specific pathogens, providing helpful insights in the mechanism of biocontrol performed by Trichoderma.Item Alteração no padrão de expressão de genes associados ao perfil leucemogênico da leucemia linfóide aguda infantil: antes e depois da quimioterapia de indução(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-01-13) Minasi, Lysa Bernardes; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Cruz, Aparecido Divino da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7868817504129985The ALL is a malignant disorder that originates from a precursor cell lympho-hematopoietic system compromised for the development of B or T lymphocyte lineage.The precursor cell acquisition by a series of genetic abnormalities alters the normal process of maturation leading to cellular differentiation arrest and leukemic clone proliferative advantage on cells of hematopoietic tissue. More than 50 recurrent genetic alterations have been identified in the ALL. These often involve genes known or putative role in the development of lymphocytes and in the case of leukemogenesis.In this study, the variation in the expression of molecular markers was analyzed using PCR methodology array on 16 children with ALL before treatment and at the end of induction chemotherapy (D +28). These patients were diagnosed in HAJ and SCMG, from May 2012 to January 2013. Samples of bone marrow or peripheral blood were sent to NPReplicon-PUC-GO. In the present study we observed a negative correlation between gender and immunophenotype (p = 0.016), females have a greater association with immunophenotype B and less associated with immunophenotype T. We also observed a positive correlation between immunophenotype and age (p = 0.04), immunophenotype and marker CD10 + (p = 0.03), immunophenotype and risk group (p = 0.015) and marker CD10 + and risk group (p = 0.043). Before treatment the gene RUNX1 met with increased expression by 5.0 times compared to the control group and after induction chemotherapy was observed a reduction in its expression. The expression pattern of the gene TAL1 showed significant decrease, with the exception of post-treatment analysis showed that an increase in its expression. A positive correlation was observed between the expression of BAX and BCL2 (r = 0.94 and p <0.0001. We demonstrated a significant difference in gene expression pattern of ALL at diagnosis and after induction therapy. We conclude our observation regarding the gene expression profile in patients with ALL enrolled in this study, but to define a panel of molecular markers is necessary to evaluate several other genes involved in the process of leukemogenesis in ALL with the help of other methodologies.Item Avaliação da expressão de genes de resistência às múltiplas drogas (MDRs) e de metabolização em diferentes linhagens celulares tratadas com complexos metálicos de rutênio(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-02-21) Costa, Cesar Augusto Sam Tiago Vilanova; Lacerda, Elisângela de Paula Silveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9390789693192751Não consta resumo em outro idioma.Item Ação biológica in vitro de tiossemicarbazonas derivadas de canfeno e limoneno em células de melanoma humano (SK-MEL-37)(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-05-16) Passos, Débora Cristina Silva dos; Oliveira, Cecília Maria Alves de; Guillo, Lídia Andreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3401436781775091Melanoma is a type of cancer that arises from melanocytes and is notoriously resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. The thiosemicarbazones are synthetic compounds with marked biological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, antiprotozoal and antitumor and previous studies have demonstrated cytotoxic activity against the human melanoma cells, so in this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative activity, the enzymatic activity of Caspases 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, the effect on the cell cycle gene expression levels of caspases 2, 3, 6, 8, 9, Apaf-1 and microscopic morphological changes in human melanoma cells (SK -MEL-37) twenty one monoterpene derived from natural thiosemicarbazone (-) - camphene: camphene, benzaldehyde, benzophenone, menthone, ethyl pyruvate, p-nitroacetophenone, pchloroacetophenone, p-methoxyacetophenone, p-methylacetophenone, p fluoracetofenona-phidroxiacetofena, furan, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, p-fluorbenzaldehyde, 2- hydroxybenzaldehyde, cinnamic aldehyde, thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde, 1-H-imidazole-4- carboxaldehyde, tiossemicaroazida and six montoterpeno natural R-(+)-limonene: benzaldehyde, thiosemicarbazide, o-nitro, m-nitro, p-nitro, p-hydroxy and p-dimethylamino. The values found for the inhibitory concentration for 50% of cells (IC50) were between 12 μM and 55 μM. The percentage of cells in phase and in phase G0/G1 decreased SG2 / M increased after forty-eight hours of incubation with benzaldehyde thio-camphene, limonene thio-benzaldehyde, m-nitro, p-hydroxy and thiosemicarbazide increased indicating that the growth inhibitory effect might be also due to arrest of cells at S-G2/M phase. We observed increased activity of caspase 3 (m-nitro thio-limonene), 6 (camphene thio-benzaldehyde and p-hydroxy thio-limonene) and 8 (thio-benzaldehyde limonene). Late apoptotic features were detected in 62% of cells treated with benzaldehyde thio-camphene and morphological changes typical of apoptosis were visualized by fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after treatment with benzaldehyde thio-camphene chosen due to their low IC50 value (12 mM). It was observed gene expression of caspases 2, 3, 6, 8 and Apaf-1 in cells treated with benzaldehyde thio-camphene indicating the participation of these enzymes in the anti-proliferative effect observed. Our results indicate that the thiosemicarbazones derivatives can inhibit proliferation, regulate cell cycle, induce apoptosis of human melanoma cells (SK-MEL-37) and could be an candidate for future preclinical in vivo studies.Item Integrating the archaea, bacteria and fungi of the gut microbiome with human diet(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013-08-15) Hoffmann, Christian; Bataus, Luiz Artur Mendes; Bushman, Frederic D.A dieta influencia a saúde sendo uma fonte de nutrientes e toxinas, e por moldar a composição de populações microbianas residentes no corpo humano. Estudos prévios começaram a mapear as associações entre a dieta e bactérias e vírus do microbioma intestinal humano. Este trabalho investiga as associações entre a dieta e populações arqueanas e fúngicas, tomando vantagem de amostras oriundas de 98 indivíduos bem caracterizados, e integra esses dados novos com o conhecimento corrente relacionado a bactérias e o microbioma intestinal humano. A dieta foi quantificada utilizando questionários que acessam a dieta usual e recente, e arquêas e fungos foram caracterizados usando genes marcadores obtidos de amostras fecais através e sequenciamento de DNA em larga escala de última geração. Foram encontrados 66 gêneros de fungos, geralmente com uma presença mutuamente exclusiva dos filos Ascomycota e Basidiomycota. Quanto as arquêas, Methanobrevibacter foi o gênero mais prevalente, presente em 30% das amostras. Diversas outras arquêas foram detectadas com abundancia e frequência mais baixa. Uma miríade de associações foi observada entre fungos e arquêas e a dieta, entre fungos e arquêas, e entre estes e linhagens bacterianas. Metanobrevibacter e Candida foram positivamente associados com uma dieta rica em carboidratos, e negativamente com dietas ricas em amino acidos, proteínas e ácidos graxos. Dados publicados previamente enfatizam que a estrutura das populações bacterianas no intestino são primariamente com hábitos alimentares de longo prazo, porém, uma abundancia alta de Candida foi fortemente associada com a ingestao recente de carboidratos. A abundância de Methanobrevibacter foi associada tanto com a ingestão usual ou recente de carboidratos. Estes resultados confirmam estudos direcionados anteriores e provém varias novas associações a serem consideradas quando modelando os efeitos da dieta no microbioma intestinal e a na saúde humana.