Imputação filogenética: uma perspectiva macroecológica
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2018-04-27
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Macroecology studies ecological pattern at large geographical and temporal scales. At
these scales, information about hundreds or even thousands of studied species. This lack
of information may potentially bias studies’ conclusions related with macroecological
processes and patterns. In this thesis, we evaluated phylogenetic imputation methods,
their uses and effects in macroecological studies. The first chapter evaluated different
methods used to deal with missing data, taking into account different scenarios of species
trait evolution, as well as percentage and pattern of missing data. We found that dealing
with missing data relies on the specific goals and data of the study. Therefore, we
suggested caution while using imputed database. In the second chapter, we tested the
island rule effect in body mass and brain volume of primates. To do so, we fitted
evolutionary models to those traits and then imputed the body mass and brain volume for
Homo floresiensis. We concluded that primates do not follow the island rule and even
though our models overestimated, on average, brain and body size of Homo floresiensis,
its evolution did not deviate from primates’ evolutionary expectation. Lastly, in the third
chapter, we tested existence of Bergmann’s rule in mammals using multiple imputation
methods, in addition to considering the consequences of ignoring missing data while
testing the rule. We found that ignoring missing data can invert (eg. changing from
positive to negative effect) the effect of temperature on body mass, but this bias did not
turn the effect statistically significant. Therefore, we concluded that mammals do not
follow Bergmann’s rule, when evaluated at the class taxonomic level. Finally, this thesis
discussed pros, cons and future research avenues in order to make phylogenetic
imputation a more robust tool to deal with missing data in macroecology.
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Imputação múltipla , Imputação filogenética , Macroecologia , Dados faltantes , Lacuna de conhecimento , Regra de Bergmann , Regra de ilha , Homo floresiensis , Multiple imputation , Phylogenetic imputation , Macroecology , Missing data , Biodiversity knowledge shortfall , Bergmann’s rule , Island rule , Homo floresiensis
Citação
JARDIM, L. L. C. Z. Imputação filogenética: uma perspectiva macroecológica. 2018. 128 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ecologia e Evolução) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2018.