Fatores associados ao diabetes e hipertensão arterial autorreferidos em Goiás: análise do inquérito Vigitel Goiás 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (AH) are associated with an increase in premature mortality. Characterizing the risk factors related to these diseases in a population can guide prevention and health promotion strategies. Objectives: The study aims to identify associations between the self-reported diagnosis of DM and AH and sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and health status/comorbidities in the population of the state of Goiás. Methods: The data were extracted from the 1st Telephone Survey of Risk and Protective Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases and Conditions in the State of Goiás (Vigitel Goiás 2023). The analyzes were based on the Poisson Regression model with robust variance and variables with a p value <0.20 were selected for multiple regression using the backward method. Results: The factors associated with DM in the population older than 18 years of age in Goiás were: age (>45 years), non-consumption of soft drinks, high body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of AH. The factors associated with DM in the population older than 18 years of age in Goiás were: age (>45 years), not consuming soft drinks, high body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of AH. The factors associated with AH included age (>25 years), lower level of education, history of smoking, high BMI, diagnosis of depression or DM, and a self-rated health as poor or very poor. Significant differences among the state’s macro regions were not found concerning the analyzed outcomes. Discussion: Unexpected associations may reflect the knowledge about healthy habits acquired through health education by individuals who have received a medical diagnosis for these diseases. Conclusion: The identification of factors associated with AH and DM can contribute to the development of public policies that aim to take an individualized approach to local reality.