IF - Instituto de Física
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O IF - Instituto de Física, da Universidade Federal de Goiás, oferece Graduação em: Bacharelado em Física; Licenciatura em Física; Física Médica; e, Engenharia Física.
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Navegando IF - Instituto de Física por Autor "Adams, David"
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Item Design and performance of a 35-ton liquid argon time projection chamber as a prototype for future very large detectors(2020) Adams, David; Baird, M.; Barr, Giles; Barros, N.; Blake, A.; Blaufuss, Erik; Booth, Anthony; Brailsford, Dominic; Buchanan, Norm; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoAbstract: Liquid argon time projection chamber technology is an attractive choice for large neu trino detectors, as it provides a high-resolution active target and it is expected to be scalable to very large masses. Consequently, it has been chosen as the technology for the first module of the DUNE far detector. However, the fiducial mass required for “far detectors” of the next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments far exceeds what has been demonstrated so far. Scaling to this larger mass, as well as the requirement for underground construction places a number of additional constraints on the design. A prototype 35-ton cryostat was built at Fermi National Acccelerator Laboratory to test the functionality of the components foreseen to be used in a very large far detector. The Phase I run, completed in early 2014, demonstrated that liquid argon could be maintained at sufficient purity in a membrane cryostat. A time projection chamber was installed for the Phase II run, which collected data in February and March of 2016. The Phase II run was a test of the modular anode plane assemblies with wrapped wires, cold readout electronics, and integrated photon detec tion systems. While the details of the design do not match exactly those chosen for the DUNE far detector, the 35-ton TPC prototype is a demonstration of the functionality of the basic components. Measurements are performed using the Phase II data to extract signal and noise characteristics and to align the detector components. A measurement of the electron lifetime is presented, and a novel technique for measuring a track’s position based on pulse properties is described.Item Design, construction and operation of the ProtoDUNE-SP Liquid Argon TPC(2022) Abud, Adam Abed; Abi, Babaki; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adames, Márcio Rostirolla; Adamov, George; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) that was constructed and operated in the CERN North Area at the end of the H4 beamline. This detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), which will be constructed at the Sandford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, U.S.A. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector incorporates full-size components as designed for DUNE and has an active volume of 7 × 6 × 7.2 m3 . The H4 beam delivers incident particles with well-measured momenta and high-purity particle identification. ProtoDUNE-SP’s successful operation between 2018 and 2020 demonstrates the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design. This paper describes the design, construction, assembly and operation of the detector components.Item First results on ProtoDUNE-SP liquid argon time projection chamber performance from a beam test at the CERN Neutrino Platform(2020) Abi, Babak; Abu, Adam Abed; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adamov, George; Adamowski, M.; Adams, David; Adrien, P.; Adinolfi , Marco; Ahmad, Zulfequar; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an active volume of 7.2 × 6.1 × 7.0 m3 . It is installed at the CERN Neutrino Platform in a specially-constructed beam that delivers charged pions, kaons, protons, muons and electrons with momenta in the range 0.3 GeV/𝑐 to 7 GeV/𝑐. Beam line instrumentation provides accurate mo mentum measurements and particle identification. The ProtoDUNE-SP detector is a prototype for the first far detector module of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, and it incorporates full-size components as designed for that module. This paper describes the beam line, the time projection chamber, the photon detectors, the cosmic-ray tagger, the signal processing and particle reconstruction. It presents the first results on ProtoDUNE-SP’s performance, including noise and gain measurements, 𝑑𝐸/𝑑𝑥 calibration for muons, protons, pions and electrons, drift electron life time measurements, and photon detector noise, signal sensitivity and time resolution measurements. The measured values meet or exceed the specifications for the DUNE far detector, in several cases by large margins. ProtoDUNE-SP’s successful operation starting in 2018 and its production of large samples of high-quality data demonstrate the effectiveness of the single-phase far detector design.Item Long-baseline neutrino oscillation physics potential of the DUNE experiment(2020) Abi, Babak; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adamov, George; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Ahmad, Zulfequar; Ahmed, J.; Alion, T.; Alonso Monsalve, Saúl; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe sensitivity of the Deep Underground Neu trino Experiment (DUNE) to neutrino oscillation is deter mined, based on a full simulation, reconstruction, and event selection of the far detector and a full simulation and param eterized analysis of the near detector. Detailed uncertain ties due to the flux prediction, neutrino interaction model, and detector effects are included. DUNE will resolve the neutrino mass ordering to a precision of 5σ, for all δCP values, after 2 years of running with the nominal detec tor design and beam configuration. It has the potential to observe charge-parity violation in the neutrino sector to a precision of 3σ (5σ) after an exposure of 5 (10) years, for 50% of all δCP values. It will also make precise mea surements of other parameters governing long-baseline neu trino oscillation, and after an exposure of 15 years will achieve a similar sensitivity to sin2 2θ13 to current reactor experiments.Item Photon detector system timing performance in the DUNE 35-ton prototype liquid argon time projection chamber(2018) Adams, David; Alion, T.; Anderson, John T.; Bagby, Linda; Baird, M.; Barr, Giles; Barros, N.; Biery, K.; Blake, A.; Blaufuss, Erik; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe 35-ton prototype for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment far detector was a single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber with an integrated photon detector system, all situated inside a membrane cryostat. The detector took cosmic-ray data for six weeks during the period of February 1, 2016 to March 12, 2016. The performance of the photon detection system was checked with these data. An installed photon detector was demonstrated to measure the arrival times of cosmic-ray muons with a resolution better than 32 ns, limited by the timing of the trigger system. A measurement of the timing resolution using closely-spaced calibration pulses yielded a resolution of 15 ns for pulses at a level of 6 photo-electrons. Scintillation light from cosmic-ray muons was observed to be attenuated with increasing distance with a characteristic length of 155 ± 28 cm.Item Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment(2021) Abi, Babak; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adamov, George; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Ahmad, Zulfequar; Ahmad, Ali Junaid; Alion, T.; Alonso Monsalve, Saúl; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neu trino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neu trino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of stud ies quantifying DUNE’s sensitivities to sterile neutrino mix ing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy collid ers and significantly extend the present reach.Item Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC(2022) Abud, Adam Abed; Abi, Babak; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adames, Márcio Rostirolla; Adamov, George; Adamowski, M.; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Aduszkiewicz, Antoni; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoDUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6×6×6 m3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019–2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.Item Searching for solar KDAR with DUNE(2021) Abud, Adam Abed; Abi, Babak; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adames, Márcio Rostirolla; Adamov, George; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Aduszkiewicz, Antoni; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe observation of 236 MeV muon neutrinos from kaon-decay-at-rest (KDAR) originating in the core of the Sun would provide a unique signature of dark matter annihila tion. Since excellent angle and energy reconstruction are necessary to detect this monoener getic, directional neutrino flux, DUNE with its vast volume and reconstruction capabilities, is a promising candidate for a KDAR neutrino search. In this work, we evaluate the proposed KDAR neutrino search strategies by realistically modeling both neutrino-nucleus interactions and the response of DUNE. We find that, although reconstruction of the neutrino energy and direction is difficult with current techniques in the relevant energy range, the superb energy resolution, angular resolution, and particle identification offered by DUNE can still permit great signal/background discrimination. Moreover, there are non-standard scenarios in which searches at DUNE for KDAR in the Sun can probe dark matter interactions.Item Separation of track- and shower-like energy deposits in ProtoDUNE-SP using a convolutional neural network(2022) Abud, Adam Abed; Abi, Babak; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adames, Márcio Rostirolla; Adamov, George; Adamowski, M.; Adams, David; Adinolfi, Marco; Aduszkiewicz, Antoni; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoLiquid argon time projection chamber detector technology provides high spatial and calorimetric resolutions on the charged particles traversing liquid argon. As a result, the technology has been used in a number of recent neu trino experiments, and is the technology of choice for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). In order to perform high precision measurements of neutrinos in the detector, final state particles need to be effectively identified, and their energy accurately reconstructed. This article pro poses an algorithm based on a convolutional neural network to perform the classification of energy deposits and recon structed particles as track-like or arising from electromagnetic cascades. Results from testing the algorithm on experi mental data from ProtoDUNE-SP, a prototype of the DUNE far detector, are presented. The network identifies track- and shower-like particles, as well as Michel electrons, with high efficiency. The performance of the algorithm is consistent between experimental data and simulation.Item Supernova neutrino burst detection with the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment(2021) Abi, Babak; Acciarri, Roberto; Acero Ortega, Mario A.; Adamov, George; Adams, David; Adinolfi , Marco; Ahmad, Zulfequar; Ahmad, Ali Junaid; Alion, T.; Alonso Monsalve, Saúl; Gomes, Ricardo AvelinoThe Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), a 40-kton underground liquid argon time projec tion chamber experiment, will be sensitive to the electron neutrino flavor component of the burst of neutrinos expected from the next Galactic core-collapse supernova. Such an observation will bring unique insight into the astrophysics of core collapse as well as into the properties of neutrinos. The general capabilities of DUNE for neutrino detection in the relevant few- to few-tens-of-MeV neutrino energy range will be described. As an example, DUNE’s ability to con strain the νe spectral parameters of the neutrino burst will be considered