Design and performance of a 35-ton liquid argon time projection chamber as a prototype for future very large detectors
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2020
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Abstract: Liquid argon time projection chamber technology is an attractive choice for large neu trino detectors, as it provides a high-resolution active target and it is expected to be scalable to
very large masses. Consequently, it has been chosen as the technology for the first module of the
DUNE far detector. However, the fiducial mass required for “far detectors” of the next generation
of neutrino oscillation experiments far exceeds what has been demonstrated so far. Scaling to this
larger mass, as well as the requirement for underground construction places a number of additional
constraints on the design. A prototype 35-ton cryostat was built at Fermi National Acccelerator
Laboratory to test the functionality of the components foreseen to be used in a very large far detector.
The Phase I run, completed in early 2014, demonstrated that liquid argon could be maintained at
sufficient purity in a membrane cryostat. A time projection chamber was installed for the Phase II
run, which collected data in February and March of 2016. The Phase II run was a test of the modular
anode plane assemblies with wrapped wires, cold readout electronics, and integrated photon detec tion systems. While the details of the design do not match exactly those chosen for the DUNE far
detector, the 35-ton TPC prototype is a demonstration of the functionality of the basic components.
Measurements are performed using the Phase II data to extract signal and noise characteristics and
to align the detector components. A measurement of the electron lifetime is presented, and a novel
technique for measuring a track’s position based on pulse properties is described.
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Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics, Time projection chambers, Liquid detectors
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ADAMS, D. L. et al. Design and performance of a 35-ton liquid argon time projection chamber as a prototype for future very large detectors. Journal of Instrumentation, Bristol, v. 15, eP03035, 2020. DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/15/03/P03035. Disponível em: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-0221/15/03/P03035/meta. Acesso em: 16 maio 2023.