IF - Artigos publicados em periódicos

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttp://200.137.215.59//handle/ri/1359

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Entre fascínio e imprecisão: a representação da Teoria da Relatividade na Super Interessante
(2025) Silva, Judy Ferreira da; Capiberibe, Clair de Luma; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
This study analyzed the profile of popular science texts on the Theory of Relativity published by the magazine Super Interessante, aiming to identify whether the predominant mode was the showcase effect or knowledge transmission, as well as to examine possible conceptual errors. Three prominent texts were selected: Einstein, relativamente fácil (Vaiano, 2024), Entenda de uma vez: Teoria da Relatividade (Nogueira, 2019), and O que é a Teoria da Relatividade? (Redação do Mundo Estranho, 2011). The methodology employed Bardin’s (2016) content analysis using a priori categories, considering conceptual clarity, historicity, scientific accuracy, and illustrative examples. The results indicate that the analyzed texts exhibit characteristics of the showcase effect, emphasizing fascination and admiration for Einstein, but providing limited conceptual depth. Several historical and conceptual errors were identified, including the incorrect attribution of gravitational wave predictions to Einstein in 1916, confusion between the constancy of the speed of light and the Principle of Relativity, misinterpretations of space contraction and time dilation, and oversimplifications of thought experiments and the equivalence principle. In conclusion, although the texts generate interest and admiration for the subject, their educational function is limited. Future research should extend to other magazines and media, seeking dissemination strategies that balance accessibility and conceptual rigor, thereby fostering critical understanding and informed public engagement.
A pesquisa sobre avaliação na educação em ciências: um estudo em teses e dissertações
(2025) Farias, Maria de Fátima; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
We present the results of a review study that sought to investigate the profile of research on assessment, within the scope of Science Education, in the theses and dissertations contained in the Catalog of Theses & Dissertations, available on the CAPES website, from 2013 to 2022. To this end, a bibliographical research of the state of knowledge type was carried out, having as a methodological reference the documentary analysis of the synthesis type. In conducting this analysis, we used as a theoretical reference the concepts of Formative Assessment, Examination and Emancipatory Assessment. We observed that the majority of the 79 studies analyzed were carried out at the basic education level, with the presence of these studies in graduate studies being insignificant. The studies analyzed mostly address issues related to the methodological and operational aspects of assessment, with little space for sociopolitical questions and low criticality. The concept of Formative Assessment is adopted by most of the studies analyzed, the logic of the Exam is present in a significant amount of research, while the emancipatory perspective is assumed by a reduced number of works. Thus, there are indications of the need to expand and deepen research in Science Education, with regard to the theme of assessment, with decoloniality being a theme still unexplored, and there is a demand for future research.
Concepções distorcidas da natureza da ciência: O princípio de Arquimedes em livros didáticos de física do ensino superior
(2025) Landi Junior, Salmon; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
This study conducted an epistemological analysis based on the seven distorted views of scientific activity proposed by Gil Pérez and collaborators. The analysis focuses on the approach to Archimedes' principle in four collections that appear most frequently in the bibliography of Pedagogical Projects Physics Degree Courses in Brazil. The results demonstrate the presence of distorted views of scientific activity in the books analysed, which may result in epistemological losses in the training of future Physics teachers. Furthermore, the comments made here aim to contribute to discussions on Archimedes' principle that are closer to a contemporary epistemology.
A abordagem dos 3MPs no estudo do movimento uniforme
(2025) Castilho, Weimar Silva; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de; Cruz, Ingrid Martins da
This study provides a detailed report of a pedagogical experience involving the application of the Three Pedagogical Moments (3MP) in a first-year high school class from a federal public school, presenting the concept of uniform motion, aligned with the problem of traffic education. By analyzing the results, it was possible to demonstrate that the students were motivated to explore the issue in a more comprehensive way, interconnecting it with social issues. By bringing everyday life into the classroom, this approach provided a platform for students to contextualize and reflect on their experiences, preparing them for a more active and informed participation in society. Thus, this experience represents a successful application of the 3MPs as a pedagogical approach capable of promoting a deeper understanding of physical concepts, while encouraging students' critical engagement in relation to real-world issues. The experience report presented in this study constitutes a reference for the adoption of pedagogical strategies based on the Three Pedagogical Moments (3MP) in different contexts of Physics Teaching.
Revisando a verossimilhança: uma abordagem pragmática e wittgensteiniana para superar a incomensurabilidade
(2025) Nunes, Clair de Luma Capiberibe; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
Since the publication of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions by T. S. Kuhn, the challenge of overcoming incommensurability between distinct paradigms has been central to the philosophy of science and science education. The essential question remains: how can General Relativity be taught from seemingly incommensurable paradigms, such as Newton's Universal Gravitation Theory? This paper proposes a modification of the concept of verisimilitude, originally developed by Popper to measure the difference between true and false contents in theories. The proposal emphasizes how verisimilitude can help overcome incommensurability between paradigms and guide the choice between scientific theories. The theoretical foundation is based on the contributions of Laudan, Da Costa, and Wittgenstein's philosophy. We reformulate the concept of verisimilitude, replacing veritative elements with measures that involve solved and anomalous problems. Furthermore, we suggest a localized analysis of verisimilitude, explaining why "falsified" theories might be preferable to others that have not yet been tested in certain contexts. This approach offers a theoretical solution to incommensurability and presents significant practical implications for science education, providing a new conceptual framework for integrating seemingly disparate theories.
As hipóteses de Poincaré sobre a gravitação
(2025) Nunes, Clair de Luma Capiberibe; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
At the beginning of the 20th century, researchers Henri Poincaré and Albert Einstein instituted the principle of relativity, which attests that the laws of physics should be the same for all inertial observers. One of the consequences of this principle is that no exchange of information can exceed the speed of light in a vacuum. However, in 1825, the physicist-mathematician Pierre Simon Laplace proved that the speed of propagation of gravitational action should propagate 1 million times faster than the speed of light in vacuum. This fact raised serious doubts and objections to the principle of relativity. While Einstein would only be interested in this question from 1912 onwards, Poincaré studied it carefully and presented the results of his reflection in 1905 in two essays with the same title, “Sur la dynamique de l’electron”. Poincaré showed that it was possible to reconcile the principle of relativity with the law of universal gravitation. In this essay, we carry out a historical study of Poincaré’s hypotheses about gravitation, an alternative relativistic theory of gravitation that appeared in 1905 but which ended up being superseded by the general theory of relativity. The study of hypotheses on Poincaré’s gravitation allows us to understand the process of building scientific knowledge and the various factors that influence the choice of a scientific paradigm.
O legado colonial no saber sobre avaliação
(2025) Farias, Maria de Fátima; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
Este ensayo busca identificar y problematizar los aspectos de colonialidadpresentes en las principales teorías evaluativas descritas en la literatura. Para ello,utilizamos como referencia teórica el pensamiento decolonial latinoamericano,destacando conceptos clave de esta teoría, como la modernidad y la tríada de lacolonialidad del ser/saber/poder. Como resultado, observamos que la funcióncolonizadora de la evaluación está presente desde sus inicios y puedeidentificarse: en la obsesión por la eficiencia de la evaluación certificativa, que teníacomo objetivo formar a los alumnos para que sirvieran a la economía industrial dela primera mitad del siglo XX; en la lógica de la regulación para el éxito de laEvaluación Formativa, que somete los procesos evaluativos a las exigencias del neoliberalismo de principios del siglo XXI y, de manera mucho menos evidente,pero aún presente en la Evaluación Emancipatoria, por su acomodación al patrónepistemológico eurocéntrico. Por lo tanto, es necesario repensar la teoría y lapráctica evaluativa en el sentido de su descolonización.
Fontes Primárias no ensino de Ciências: a reconstrução racional das cartas de Poincaré como recurso didático
(2025) Nunes, Clair de Luma Capiberibe; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de
This study presents a rational reconstruction of the three letters sent by Henri Poincaré to Hendrik Lorentz in 1905, linking them to the main theoretical models of the electron discussed in the early 20th century. The analysis is based on a careful translation of the original correspondence and on Cunningham’s postulates, aiming to reconstitute the mathematical reasoning present in the letters. Poincaré’s reflections are examined in light of the proposals by Voigt, Abraham, Bucherer, and Langevin, highlighting the criteria used to accept or reject models based on their conformity with the Principle of Relativity and the invariance of physical laws. Although the letters do not contain explicit epistemological formulations, they reveal Poincaré’s effort to select theoretical models consistent with the results of the Michelson-Morley experiment. Even in the face of empirical equivalence between models, Poincaré values mathematical consistency and theoretical symmetry, anticipating concerns that would become central to modern physics. By combining primary sources with the methodology of rational reconstruction, the study contributes both to the historiography of science and to science education. It is argued that this approach enables students to understand not only scientific content but also theory evaluation criteria, justification strategies, and the role of controversy in the production of knowledge. Thus, the didactic use of historical sources is advocated as a valuable resource for developing metascientific competencies—especially in the context of higher education aimed at the academic training of students in science and teacher education programs.
A avaliação na prática docente de professores de Química
(2025) Farias, Maria de Fátima; Queirós, Wellington Pereira de; Botter Junior, Wilson
Este trabajo se propuso investigar la práctica de evaluación de un grupo de profesores de Química. La investigación se desarrolló a partir de un marco cualitativo, con el análisis de contenido como supuesto metodológico y la observación directa como herramienta de recolección de datos. La práctica pedagógica de los docentes que participaron de este estudio apunta a una evaluación entendida como medida, de carácter disciplinario, centrada en la prueba y desconectada del proceso de enseñanza. Este escenario es, para nosotros, entendido como resultado de toda una coyuntura política, económica y social, no correspondiendo, por tanto, a la responsabilidad exclusiva de los docentes. Por lo tanto, existen varias cuestiones a reflexionar para enfrentar el tema de la evaluación, en el sentido de construir una práctica más significativa y potencialmente capaz de contribuir a una formación humana integral.
Teorias da Terra Plana e a Primeira Revolução Científica
(2025) Gomes, Tuan Moura; Marques, Ivo de Almeida
All known ancient civilizations (until around 500 BC) conceived the generic notion of Flat Earth (or Flat-Based Earth) with a solid and transparent roofing to hold up the sky. We will call this generic notion Archaic World View. We will call Classical World View the notion that the Earth would have a spherical shape and would be static at the center of the Universe. We will call Modern World View the notion that the Earth would have a spherical shape and would orbit around the Sun. For the last two world views there would no longer be a solid structure to hold up the sky. The transition from the Classical World View to the Modern World View, which took place in the 16th and 17th centuries, marked the birth of Science. The transition from the Archaic World View to the Classical World View is what we call here the First Scientific Revolution. In this work we will present the main elements of the Archaic World View and the Classical World View, as well as insights into the First Scientific Revolution.
A fase crítica da emergência do Subcampo Brasileiro de Pesquisa em Educação CTS: as gêneses da pesquisa em Educação CTS no Brasil
(2025) Ribeiro, Thiago Vasconcelos; Genovese, Luiz Gonzaga Roversi
This work is part of a research plan that aims to construct an analytical framework for STS Education (Science-Technology-Society) research in Brazil, based on Pierre Bourdieu's notion of field. It analyzes the social and symbolic conditions that enabledthe emergence of a particular illusio–a “disinterested” interest –within the space of Science Education research, still under construction between the 1980s and 1990s. The analyses presented describe the state of the struggles that the pioneers of CTS Education research initially faced andthe social conditions that made such investments a possible bet, until later consolidating themselves as a legitimate object of Science Education research, support the relative success of the symbolic revolution that gave rise to the so-called Brazilian Subfield of CTS Education Research.
Termômetro digital para dispositivos de eletroformação de vesículas unilamelares gigantes
(2026) Santos Júnior, Juracy Leandro dos; Mendanha Neto, Sebastião Antônio; Santos, Marcus Carrião dos; Vieira, Sílvio Leão
This work describes the development of a multichannel digital thermometer to validate the temperature control of giant unilamellar vesicle (GUVs) electroformation equipment. The prototype presented was built with cheap and conventional resources, such as elements and circuits from the Arduino open-source platform and negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors, resulting in equipment with good precision, low production cost and easy maintenance. The device allows temperature measurement in four channels simultaneously and records the values on the computer for temporal evaluation. This equipment was essential in the process of creating a GUV electroforming device discussed elsewhere, but there are several possibilities for application in the research and development of other temperature-dependent technologies. In particular, the device allowed the development of the GUV electroformation protocol by identifying the delay process caused by positioning the thermometer outside the studied sample.
Medições acústico-elásticas da dose absorvida emdosímetro de gel polimérico como material simulador de tecido
(2026) Teófilo, Ana Clara Oliveira de Queiroz; Dias, Pedro Henrique Coelho; Vieira, Sílvio Leão
Accurate absorbed dose dosimetry is a key factor for the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy treatments, particularly when three-dimensional dose verification is required. In this context, polymer gel dosimeters stand out for their ability to record volumetric dose distributions, traditionally read using magnetic resonance imaging, a high-cost technique with limited clinical availability. This study investigates the applicability of an ultrasonic system as an alternative method for reading MAGIC-F polymer gel dosimeters used in radiotherapy. Initially, the system was calibrated using homogeneous gelatin-based samples with different concentrations, evaluating the response of ultrasonic velocity, attenuation coefficient, and elastic moduli. Subsequently, the methodology was applied to MAGIC-F gel samples irradiated with absorbed doses ranging from 0 to 40 Gy. Longitudinal ultrasonic velocity and attenuation coefficient were experimentally determined using the transmission–reception technique, while elasticmoduli were estimated based on empirical relations supported by the literature. The results indicate an approximately linear attenuation behavior between 0 and 30 Gy, with a more pronounced variation at higher doses, suggesting distinct material response regimes. A systematic increase in mechanical stiffness with dose was also observed, as evidenced by the increase in Young’s modulus. These findings demonstrate the potential of ultrasound as a complementary tool for three-dimensional absorbed dose readout in polymer gel dosimetry.
Otimização do fluxo de atendimento de pacientes de um serviço de radioterapia utilizando o ciclo PDCA
(2025) Santos, Rogério Sanches; Ribeiro, Carlos Eduardo; Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves de; Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki
This study explored the application of the PDCA Cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) to optimize the patient care workflow in a radiotherapy service, focusing on efficient scheduling and execution of sessions on linear accelerators. Prior to the study, the servicefaced workload overload issues with significant delays, especially in the afternoon and evening periods. The methodology included the standardization of routines, definition of performance indicators, and restructuring of the schedulebased on the actual capacity of the equipment, adjusting the average times by type of treatment. In the implementation of the PDCA Cycle, quality management tools were used, i.e., brainstorming, 5 Whys, Ishikawa diagram, and control charts. The results showed a significant reduction (p<0.05) in delays without compromising service capacity. The reorganization of slot time enabled an optimal distribution of workload with more efficient use of resources, resulting in punctual sessions and shorter waiting times. Patient satisfaction analysis after the intervention revealed a reduction in complaints related to delays and an improved perception of efficiency in care. The application of the PDCA Cycle proved effective in optimizing the care workflow through schedule and slot timeadjustments. The continuous adoption of the PDCA Cycle has shown to be a resilient and adaptable strategy, promoting quality, efficiency, and safety in radiotherapy care.
Image quality and dose reduction in cardiac interventional procedures: application of an optimization strategy with typical dose value analysis
(2025) Assunção, Murilo Felisberto Morais de; Silva, Jonas Oliveira da; Silva, Guilherme Custódio Cândido; Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of dose-optimization strategies on radiation exposure during cardiac catheterization and angioplastyprocedures. The investigation was carried out at a high-complexity referral center using retrospective data, clinical-protocol adjustments, and image-quality assessments with dedicated simulators. Implemented measures included reducing the cine dose per frame and enabling post-processing filters, resulting in reductions of up to 39% in reference-point kermaand 25% in noise intensity under low-dose conditions. In total, 714 procedures performed over five semesters were analyzed. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) were determined and compared with data from national and international literature. A statistically significant reduction in DAP(16.3%) and Kₐ,r(12.8%) was observed for catheterization procedures (p<0.05). Although angioplasty procedures showed a similar trend, case variability limited statistical significance. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of technical interventions andcontinuous monitoring in lowering exposure levels,without compromising diagnostic image quality.Keywords:reference level;digital fluoroscopy; dose; image quality; optimization.
Avaliação do impacto do retreino periódico na predição de não-comparecimentos de pacientes em consultas médicas utilizando Balanced Random Forest
(2025) Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves de; Teixeira, Ana Beatriz Marinho de Jesus; Diaz Salazar, Aldo André; Oliveira, Mateus Simão; Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki
Breast tumor segmentation in ultrasound images: comparing U-net and U-net + +
(2025) Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves de; Vieira, Sílvio Leão; Paranaiba, Caio Felipe Brito; Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki
Purpose To compare the performance of U-net and U-net + + neural networks for the segmentation of breast tumors in ultrasound (US) images, focusing on a robust and easily reproducible methodology. Methods The Breast Ultrasound Images Dataset (BUSI), comprising 780 images, was used with 60% separated for training, 20% for validation, and 20% for testing. Data augmentation (DA) techniques were applied to improve model generalization, and an Intersection over Union (IoU)–based loss function was utilized. Both models were trained for 1000 epochs. The Dice coefficient was the primary metric for evaluating segmentation performance, while accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score were used for assessing the model’s ability to detect tumors. Results U-net + + demonstrated superior performance, achieving a maximum average Dice score of 75.71% on validation data, compared to 75.17% for U-net. On test data, U-net + + obtained a median Dice score of 88.60% with an IQR of 30.53%. In the classification task, U-net + + achieved an accuracy of 90% and a F1-score of 94% for tumor detection. Conclusions U-net + + outperforms the base U-net in segmentation task on breast US images. While the results are promising, further enhancements could be achieved with larger datasets or integration with more complex techniques. It is encouraged a more detailed hyperparameter tuning, as it could significantly improve the results.
Predicting patient no-shows in magnetic resonance imaging appointments using interpretable machine learning
(2026) Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves de; Teixeira, Ana Beatriz Marinho de Jesus; Oliveira, Mateus Simão; Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki
Missed appointments, or no-shows, in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) procedures lead to underutilised resources and scheduling inefficiencies in healthcare. This study proposes an interpretable machine learning framework to predict patient no-shows using real-world data from a brazilian diagnostic imaging clinic (n = 28991; no-show rate = 8.2%). We evaluated Logistic Regression, Multilayer Perceptron, XGBoost, CatBoost, and LightGBM, incorporating both patient-level and clinic-level features, including historical demand and no-show trends. Time-split cross-validation was used for hyperparameter tuning, selecting models based on AUC-PR, and for adjusting the probability threshold using the 𝐹𝛽-score with 𝛽 = 1.5. The LightGBM model was selected and achieved an AUC-PR of 0.2203 and AUC-ROC of 0.6559 on test data, with Precision = 19.68%, Sensitivity = 39.63%, 𝐹1-score = 26.30% and overall accuracy = 82.37%. SHAP values were used to interpret feature contributions, revealing that variables such as patient age, sex, distance to clinic, healthcare plan, waiting time, and no-show history were most influential. This framework enables data-driven overbooking strategies and personalised reminders, aligning with operational goals and minimising resource waste. Our approach demonstrates that interpretable models can support clinical decision-making in realistic environments, with potential extensions to other healthcare domains.
Diffractive Lugiato-Lefever equation driven by a double tightly focused pump
(2025) Santos, Mateus Calixto Pereira dos; Kumar, Shatrughna; Cardoso, Wesley Bueno; Malomed, Boris A.
We introduce a model of an optical cavity based on the one-dimensional Lugiato-Lefever (LL) equation, which includes the pump represented by a symmetric pair of tightly localized “hot spots” (HSs) with phase shift 𝜒 between them, and self-focusing or defocusing cubic nonlinearity. Families of bound states, pinned to the double HS, are found in the system's parameter space. They feature the effect of the symmetry breaking (SB) between peaks pinned to individual HSs, provided that the phase shift takes values 0<𝜒<𝜋, and the LL equation includes the loss term. The SB, which is explained analytically, takes place in the full LL model and its linearized version alike. The same phenomenology is also explored in the framework of the LL equation with the double HS and quintic self-focusing. In that case, there are stable symmetric and asymmetric bound states, in spite of the presence of the background instability driven by the critical collapse.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking induced by nonlinear interaction in a coupler supported by fractional diffraction
(2025) Santos, Mateus Calixto Pereira dos; Cardoso, Wesley Bueno
In this paper we introduce a one-dimensional model of coupled fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equations with a double-well potential applied to one component. This study examines ground state (GS) solitons, observing spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in both the actuated field and the partner component due to nonlinear coupling. Numerical simulations reveal symmetric and asymmetric profiles arising from a slightly asymmetric initial condition. Asymmetry is influenced by nonlinearities, potential depth, and coupling strength, with self-focusing systems favoring greater asymmetry. Fractional diffraction affects the amplitude and localization of symmetric profiles and the stability of asymmetric ones. We identify critical Lévy index values for generating coupled GS solitons. Stability analysis of unstable, centrally asymmetric GS solitons demonstrates oscillatory dynamics, providing new insights into SSB in fractional systems and half-trapped solitons.

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