ICB - Artigos publicados em periódicos

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How does tiger moth (Erebidae, Arctiinae) functional diversity respond to environmental and spatial variables?
(2025) Santos, Carolina Moreno dos; Zaspel, Jennifer; Ferro, Viviane Gianluppi
Deterministic and stochastic processes are of great importance in influencing the composition of communities. Here, we tested if deterministic and stochastic processes have the same force of influence on functional traits of tiger moth communities. Specifically, we hypothesised that the functional traits of the tribe Arctiini would be more strongly influenced by stochastic processes (associated with spatial variables), given that these moths are primarily diet and habitat generalists within a highly diverse clade. They also exhibit high morphological trait dissimilarity and are capable of occupying a wide range of vegetation habitats. On the other hand, we hypothesised that the functional traits of the tribe Lithosiini would be more influenced by deterministic processes (associated with environmental variables), given that these moths are primarily diet and habitat specialist moths and tend to occur in more specific vegetation types. In agreement with our hypotheses, the functional traits of Arctiini species were better explained by variables related to stochasticity, while the functional traits of Lithosiini were explained by deterministic processes only. Thus, the processes shaping moth distributions across communities may vary according to species’ functional traits and interspecific relationships.
Reproductive strategies of the golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) during the initial invasion in the Brazilian Cerrado
(2025) Oliveira, Paulo Roberto Fleury Fernandes de; Rodrigues, Cândido Carvalho; Saboia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira de; Grano Maldonado, Mayra Ixchel; Rocha, Thiago Lopes
The establishment and persistence of invasive species are directly related to their reproductive strategies, which are strongly influenced by environmental factors. The golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei is opportunistic and maintains the same general reproductive pattern during both the invasion and establishment periods. We asked whether this is also the case in the Cerrado biome of Brazil, where the invasion is relatively recent and where the environment may offer ideal physical and chemical parameters for the mussel to spread toward the Northern Hemisphere. Specimens were collected from the mid Paranaíba River and analyzed for condition index, gonadosomatic index, general health condition, and reproductive stage frequency (gametogenesis). Results showed that the golden mussel exhibited a higher frequency of hermaphroditism than might be expected in the early years of invasion. Histologically, mussels were reproductive year-round, with no resting interval, contributing to their high reproductive capacity. Variation in general health condition during the reproductive cycle, combined with histological analysis of the gonads, suggested an optimal period during which the mussel may be more susceptible to control measures. After almost 30 years since the golden mussel invaded South America, there is still no efficient control method; this research may provide a time window to optimize future actions for developing a control strategy.
Guia ilustrado de Nymphalidae (Lepidoptera) da coleção zoológica da Universidade Federal de Goiás (ZUFG)
(2026) Santos, Yasmim Pimenta Barreto Xavier dos; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de
Butterflies are responsible for pollinating plants and are also one of the most appreciated groups of insects. From zoological collections, it is possible to study and preserve local biodiversity. In this context, the objective of this work was to develop the first illustrated guide to the Nymphalidae species present in the Zoological Collection of the Federal University of Goiás (ZUFG). The collection contains 604 pinned specimens, belonging to 57 genera of nymphalids, originating from 11 cities in the state of Goiás. This study proposes the development of an identification guide for butterflies found in the state of Goiás, Brazil. All species were illustrated, and information about their known biology was included in a guide in Portuguese. The aim is thus to expand the knowledge safeguarded at the university to the general public, especially for Elementary and High School students.
“Dark taxonomy”: a new protocol for overcoming the taxonomic impediments for dark taxa and broadening the taxon base for biodiversity assessment
(2025) Meier, Rudolf; Srivathsan, Amrita; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de; Balbi, Maria Isabel Protti de Andrade; Yuchen, Ang; Darren, Yeo; Kjærandsen, Jostein; Amorim, Dalton de Souza
We are entering the sixth mass extinction with little data for “dark taxa”, although they comprise most species. Much of the neglect is due to the fact that conventional taxonomic methods struggle with handling thousands of specimens belonging to hundreds of species. We thus here propose a new strategy that we call “dark taxonomy”. It addresses (i) taxonomic impediments, (ii) the lack of biodiversity baselines and (iii) the low impact of revisionary research. Taxonomic impediments are reduced by carrying out revisions at small geographic scales to keep the number of specimens low. The risk of taxonomic error is reduced by delimiting species based on two types of data. We furthermore show that dark taxonomy can yield important biodiversity baseline data by using samples obtained with biomonitoring traps. Lastly, we argue that the impact of revisionary research can be improved by publishing two papers addressing different readerships. The principles of dark taxonomy are illustrated by our taxonomic treatment of Singapore's fungus gnats (Mycetophilidae) based only on Malaise trap samples. We show that a first batch of specimens (N = 1454) contains 120 species, of which 115 are new to science, thus reducing taxonomic impediments by increasing the number of described Oriental species by 25%. Species delimitation started with using DNA barcodes to estimate the number of Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) before “LIT” (Large-scale Integrative Taxonomy) was used to obtain the species boundaries for the 120 species by integrating morphological and molecular data. To test the taxonomic completeness of the revision, we next analysed a second batch of 1493 specimens and found that >97% belonged to the 120 species delimited based on the first batch. Indeed, the second batch only contained 18 new and rare MOTUs, i.e. our study suggests that a single revision can simultaneously yield the names for all important species and relevant biodiversity baseline data. Overall, we believe that “dark taxonomy” can quickly ready a large unknown taxon for biomonitoring.
Glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides induce Poecilia reticulata to maintain redox equilibrium during and after coexposure to iron oxide nanoparticles (y-Fe2O3)
(2025) Faria, João Marcos de Lima; Morozesk, Mariana; Souza, Iara da Costa; Silva, Victória Costa da; Bataus, Luiz Artur Mendes; Saboia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira de; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are being increasingly recognized as viable materials for environmental remediation due to their capacity to adsorb contaminants such as glyphosate (GLY) on their surfaces. Nevertheless, the ecotoxicological implications of IONPs associated with GLY necessitate thorough evaluation to ascertain the safety of such remediation strategies. In this context, the present investigation was conducted to examine hepatic biomarkers pertinent to the redox system, as well as ultrastructural hepatic alterations in Poecilia reticulata, following a 21-day exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of IONPs, iron ions (Fe), and glyphosate in its pure form (GLY) as well as a commercial glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH). After this exposure, the fish underwent a 21-day recovery in uncontaminated water. The results indicated an increase in the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and in the concentration of glutathione (GSH) in the animals subjected to IONP+GBH and IONP+GLY treatments. This biochemical response persisted for the duration of both the exposure and recovery phases. Concurrently, hepatocytes displayed mitochondria with increased electron density, augmented lipid droplet accumulation, and expanded necrotic areas within the hepatic tissue. In contrast, fish exposed solely to IONPs exhibited sustained redox homeostasis throughout the investigative timeline. These findings suggest that the coexposure toxicity of IONP+GLY and IONP+GBH is attributable to the agent adsorbed onto the IONPs and that P. reticulata could maintain an active antioxidant defense mechanism throughout the entire study period.
Influence of photoperiod on follicular development, morphometry, and oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
(2025) Campos, Gabriella Silva; Figueiredo, Matheus Henrique Barcelos; Fernandes, Mayara Bocchi; Valadares, Lorranny Pereira de Assis; Alves, Bênner Geraldo; Saboia-Morais, Simone Maria Teixeira de; Lima, Larise Caroline Oliveira; Costa, Adriano Carvalho; Machado, Mônica Rodrigues Ferreira
The photoperiod is a crucial factor in controlling the reproductive processes of teleost fish. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different photoperiods on the follicular population percentage, morphometry, and oxidative stress in Danio rerio. Twenty-four female zebrafish were divided into two photoperiod groups: 12 h light/12 h dark (12 L:12D) and 14 h light/10 h dark (14 L:10D). Histological processing of the ovaries was conducted to determine the follicular population and the morphometry of both oocytes and follicles. Biochemical analyses were performed to assess oxidative stress markers, including nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total proteins, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The photoperiod significantly influenced various follicular and oocyte structures, such as area, vitelline envelope thickness, and follicular cell thickness, although the overall follicular population did not differ between the groups. The 12 L:12D photoperiod notably affected biochemical indices, resulting in altered levels of NO, TBARS, H2O2, ROS, SOD, and CAT, along with decreased total protein concentration and increased AChE activity. Despite the heterogeneity of follicular structures observed in the ovaries of fish across both photoperiods, this study concludes that the 14 L:10D photoperiod enhances follicular maturation in Danio rerio and reduces oxidative stress during ovarian development. These findings underscore the importance of photoperiod manipulation in optimizing reproductive health and managing oxidative stress in aquaculture practices.
Revision and morphological phylogeny of the Neotropical genus Mberu Capellari & Amorim (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with description of twelve new species
(2025) Silva, Paulo Cesar da; Capellari, Renato Soares; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de
The genus Mberu Capellari & Amorim of the subfamily Neurigoninae (Dolichopodidae) was previously known only from the type-species. Herein, the genus is revised and now includes thirteen species from Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay, including twelve newly described. All the following species were photographed and a distributional map is also provided: M. altamiro sp. nov., M. amorimi sp. nov., M. bodoquena sp. nov., M. britoi sp. nov., M. ericae sp. nov., M. jawara sp. nov., M. lamasi sp. nov., M. lopesi sp. nov., M. murtiniensis sp. nov., M. pepocatu Capellari & Amorim, 2011, M. periotoi sp. nov., M. soaresi sp. nov. and M. takwajasu sp. nov. An identification key for males of the genus is provided and a morphological phylogenetic analysis of Mberu species is presented, supporting both its monophyly and assignment in the tribe Neurigonini.
Oedionychina (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) from the Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco, a Cerrado remnant
(2025) Begha, Bruno Piotrovski; Prado, Laura Rocha; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de
Oedionychina Chapuis, 1875 is a large group of flea beetles that have been the subject of several taxonomic studies in recent years. Here, we present data on external morphology and genitalia of six species of Oedionychina from the Brazilian Cerrado. High-quality photos are included. We update descriptions of three known species, Alagoasa burmeisteri (Harold, 1881), Omophoita magniguttis Bechyně, 1955, and Paranaita opima (Germar, 1824), and describe three new species, O. mateusi sp. nov., Walterianella marae sp. nov., and Walterianella tapuiae sp. nov. The specimens were sampled at the Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco (PEAMP), Goiás, Brazil, a remnant of Cerrado mostly covered by semi-deciduous forest. These updates are part of our ongoing efforts to elucidate the diversity of Oedionychina in the Cerrado.
Biology and morphology of the jelly fungus-feeding sawfly Decameria interrupta (Fabricius, 1804) (Hymenoptera: Pergidae: Perreyiinae)
(2025) Albertoni, Fabiano Fabian; Reis, Pedro Almeida; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de
The larvae of the Neotropical sawfly Decameria interrupta (Pergidae: Perreyiinae) are documented here for the first time. They feed on the jelly fungus Auricularia fuscosuccinea in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Morphological characterisation reveals unique elongated tubercles on the thorax and abdomen and substrate-mimicking colouration in the full-grown larvae, while the prepupae undergo significant colour changes (grey/orange to light pink) and construct thick black cocoons. We established new state records for São Paulo and redescribed the adult female with its ovipositor. The rare mycophagous habit, only the second record in all Tenthredinoidea and both within Perreyiinae, is associated with the vestigial ovipositor of this sawfly species, consistent with the small ovipositor of females in the Perreyia genus group and their unusual larval diet. Taxonomic discrepancies regarding prior host records are addressed, underscoring the need for integrative studies on sawfly trophic ecology.
An integrative taxonomic treatment of the Mycetophilidae of Singapore reveals 115 new species from just 730 km2 (Diptera: Bibionomorpha)
(2025) Amorim, Dalton de Souza; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de; Balbi, Maria Isabel Protti de Andrade; Yuchen, Ang; Galvis, Ambrosio Torres; Srivathsan, Darren Yeo Amrita; Meier, Rudolf
“Open-ended” or “dark” taxa are species-rich clades so abundant and diverse that conventional taxonomic methods cannot keep pace with the volume of specimens and species. New approaches based on the presorting of specimens to putative species with low-cost DNA barcoding followed by morphological checks of a subset of specimens have made tackling these taxa more manageable. However, large scale integrative taxonomy will still require limiting the geographic scope of taxonomic revisions, given that most countries and biogeographic regions will have too many specimens and species for comprehensive coverage. Here, we present a case study of this type approach by carrying out a revision of the Mycetophilidae (Diptera), or fungus gnats, of Singapore with a reverse taxonomy workflow. The studied material was obtained from 496 samples collected with 71 Malaise traps placed at 107 sites in a variety of habitats in the country: mangroves, a swamp forest, freshwater swamp, primary rainforests, a coastal forest, and different types of secondary forest (old, maturing, young, urban). Based on molecular and morphological data for 1,454 specimens, we were able to delimit 120 species belonging to 23 genera. Of these, only five species had been previously described. The remaining 115 are new to science and described here. However, we only name 98 of these species, since 14 (Manota spp. A–G, Neoempheria spp. A–G) were represented solely by females from which we could not prepare a fully satisfactory morphological diagnosis, and three lacked molecular data (Epicypta sp. A, Epicypta sp. B, and Neoempheria sp. H). To assess congruence among species delimited by DNA barcodes (3% clusters) and morphology, we calculated match ratio and found it to be overall high across the entire family (95%), with even higher ratios (99%) for MOTUs clustered at 5% with Objective Clustering and MOTUs obtained with ABGD set to P=0.060. Overall, the ratio of undescribed to described species was an astonishing 20:1. Our revision of the Singapore fauna alone, we were able to increase the number of described Oriental Mycetophilidae species by about 25%, underscoring the magnitude of the taxonomic impediment for fungus gnats. Most of the Singapore Mycetophilidae belong to three genera: Neoempheria Osten-Sacken (29 species), Epicypta Winnertz (29 species), and Manota Williston (14 species) but we also describe a new genus, Integricypta Amorim & Oliveira gen. n. (Mycetophilinae: Mycetophilini), the putative sister-group of Aspidionia Colless, based on three species. The new species formally named here are: Leptomorphus rafflesi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Monoclona simhapura Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Azana demeijeri Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Azana leekongchiani Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Sciophilinae); Tetragoneura crawfurdi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura chola Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura dayuan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura farquhari Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Ectrepesthoneura johor Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Tetragoneurinae); Mohelia zubirsaidi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Allactoneura tumasik Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Allactoneura limbosengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota banzu Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota tantocksengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota bukittimah Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota chiamassie Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota danmaxi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota mahuan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota temenggong Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis sritribuana Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis bugis Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis oranglaut Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Leiinae); Parempheriella mait Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Parempheriella longyamen Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Parempheriella peranakan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycomya sachmatich Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria merlio Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sabana Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sangabo Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria shicheng Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria ujong Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria subaraji Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria kokoiyeeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria mandai Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria malacca Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sinkapho Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria singapura Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria xinjiapo Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria puluochung Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria merdeka Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria neesoon Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria pulau Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria cinkappur Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria temasek Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria polunini Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria fajar Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria riatanae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Mycomyinae); Brachycampta glorialimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Brachycampta murphyi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Brachycampta limtzepengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Rymosia teopohlengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Exechia tanswiehiani Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Exechia alinewongae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila chngseoktinae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila georgettechenae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila aishae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne phanwaithongae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne gohsookhimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne rahimahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne lynetteseahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne neilaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne snehalethaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platurocypta adeleneweeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platurocypta tanhoweliangi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta constancesingamae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta jennylauae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta limchiumeiae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta janetyeeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta kohkhenglianae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta daintoni Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta holltumi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta ridleyi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta chezaharaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta tanjiakkimi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta gehminae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta jackieyingae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta khatijunae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta purchoni Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta foomaoshengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta ganengsengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta nanyangu Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta nus Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta peterngi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta maggielimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta yupeigaoae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta annwee Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta wallacei Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta lamtoongjini Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta catherinelimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta grootaerti Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta joaquimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia cheesweeleeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia janetjesudasonae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia fatimahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta fergusondavie Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta teosoonkimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta shirinae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta hoyuenhoeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Mycetophilinae). The previously described species collected during this study are Metanepsia malaysiana Kallweit, Eumanota racola Søli, Parempheriella defectiva (Edwards), Neoempheria dizonalis (Edwards) (all known from Sumatra and/or the Malaysian peninsula), and Chalastonepsia hokkaidensis Kallweit, a species widespread in East Asia, whose female is described here for the first time. The mycomyine genus Vecella Wu & Yang is here proposed as a junior synonym to Parempheriella Matile, syn. n., with P. guadunana (Wu & Yang), comb. n. corresponding to an additional Palearctic species of Parempheriella. Barcodes for a second set of 1,493 Singapore mycetophilid specimens not analyzed here suggest the presence of an additional 18 MOTUs. We thus estimate that approximately 85% of all the Singapore species interceptable by Malaise traps are identified or described here. Our revision concludes with a discussion of the biogeography and generic composition of the Mycetophilidae fauna at the southern end of the Malay Peninsula. „Open-ended Taxa“oder „Dark Taxa“sind artenreiche Kladen, die so abundant und artenreich sind, dass die herkömmlichen taxonomischen Methoden angesichts der großen Anzahl von Exemplaren und Arten nicht greifen. Neue Ansätze, bei denen Exemplare zunächst mithilfe kostengünstiger DNA-Barcodes zu mutmaßlichen Arten vorsortiert und dann exemplarisch an einer kleinen Auswahl morphologisch nachgeprüft werden, haben die Bearbeitung dieser Taxa deutlich erleichtert. Allerdings kann auch mit DNA-Barcodes nur die Fauna eines vergleichsweise kleinen Gebietes bearbeiten werden, weil für die meisten Länder und biogeografischen Regionen zu viele Exemplare und Arten abgedeckt werden müssten. Wir demonstrieren hier in einer Fallstudie die Revision der Pilzmücken (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) von Singapur mittels eines umgekehrten taxonomischen Workflows. Das bearbeitete Material stammt aus 496 Proben, die mit 71 Malaise-Fallen an 107 Sammelstellen in verschiedenen Habitaten gefangen wurden: Mangroven, einem Sumpfwald, einem Süßwassersumpf, primäre Regenwälder, einem Küstenwald und verschiedene Sekundärwälder (jung, reifend, alt, urban). Basierend auf molekularen und morphologischen Daten von mehr als 1.454 Tieren grenzen wir 120 Arten aus 5 Gattungen ab, von denen lediglich 5 Arten bereits beschrieben sind. Die verbleibenden 115 Arten sind neu für die Wissenschaft und werden hier beschrieben. Allerdings benennen wir nur 98 Arten, da von 14 Arten (Manota spp. A–G, Neoempheria spp. A–G) derzeit nur Weibchen bekannt sind, für die derzeit keine zufriedenstellende morphologische Diagnose erstellt werden kann. Darüber hinaus fehlen molekulare Daten für drei Arten (Epicypta sp. A, Epicypta sp. B und Neoempheria sp. H). Was die Artgrenzen betrifft, so stimmen die molekularen und morphologischen Daten in den meisten Fällen überein (match ratio: 95% für 3% MOTUs). Eine noch höheres Übereinstimmungsverhältnis von 99% wird für 5% und ABGD MOTUs (P=0,060) beobachtet. Insgesamt ist das Verhältnis zwischen unbeschrieben und beschrieben erstaunlich hoch (20:1). Unsere Überarbeitung der Fauna Singapurs erhöht die Anzahl der beschriebenen Arten in der Orientalischen Region um über 25%, was das Ausmaß der taxonomischen Hürde für Pilzmücken unterstreicht. Die meisten der Mycetophilidenarten Singapurs gehören den drei Gattungen Neoempheria Osten-Sacken (29 Arten), Epicypta Winnertz (29 Arten) und Manota Williston (14 Arten), aber basierend auf drei Arten beschreiben wir hier auch eine neue Gattung, Integricypta Amorim & Oliveira gen. n., die zu den Mycetophilinae: Mycetophilini gehört und die mutmaßliche Schwestergruppe von Aspidionia Colless darstellt. Die sequenzierten, illustrierten hier formal benannten Arten sind Leptomorphus rafflesi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Monoclona simhapura Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Azana demeijeri Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Azana leekongchiani Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Sciophilinae); Tetragoneura crawfurdi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura chola Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura dayuan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Tetragoneura farquhari Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Ectrepesthoneura johor Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Tetragoneurinae); Mohelia zubirsaidi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Allactoneura tumasik Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Allactoneura limbosengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota banzu Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota tantocksengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota bukittimah Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota chiamassie Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota danmaxi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota mahuan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Manota temenggong Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis sritribuana Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis bugis Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Clastobasis oranglaut Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Leiinae); Parempheriella mait Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Parempheriella longyamen Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Parempheriella peranakan Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycomya sachmatich Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria merlio Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sabana Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sangabo Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria shicheng Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria ujong Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria subaraji Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria kokoiyeeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria mandai Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria malacca Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria sinkapho Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria singapura Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria xinjiapo Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria puluochung Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria merdeka Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria neesoon Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria pulau Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria cinkappur Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria temasek Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria polunini Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria fajar Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Neoempheria riatanae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Mycomyinae); Brachycampta glorialimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Brachycampta murphyi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Brachycampta limtzepengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Rymosia teopohlengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Exechia tanswiehiani Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Exechia alinewongae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila chngseoktinae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila georgettechenae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Mycetophila aishae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne phanwaithongae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne gohsookhimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne rahimahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne lynetteseahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne neilaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platyprosthiogyne snehalethaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platurocypta adeleneweeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Platurocypta tanhoweliangi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta constancesingamae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta jennylauae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta limchiumeiae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta janetyeeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta kohkhenglianae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta daintoni Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta holltumi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta ridleyi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta chezaharaae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta tanjiakkimi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta gehminae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta jackieyingae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta khatijunae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta purchoni Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta foomaoshengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta ganengsengi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta nanyangu Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta nus Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta peterngi Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta maggielimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta yupeigaoae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta annwee Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta wallacei Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta lamtoongjini Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta catherinelimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta grootaerti Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Epicypta joaquimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia cheesweeleeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia janetjesudasonae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Aspidionia fatimahae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta fergusondavie Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta teosoonkimae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta shirinae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n.; Integricypta hoyuenhoeae Amorim & Oliveira sp. n. (Mycetophilinae). Die bereits beschriebenen Arten, die bei dieser Untersuchung gefangen wurden, sind Metanepsia malaysiana Kallweit, Eumanota racola Søli, Parempheriella defectiva (Edwards), Neoempheria dizonalis (Edwards) (alle derzeit aus Sumatra und/ oder der malaysischen Halbinsel bekannt), sowie Chalastonepsia hokkaidensis Kallweit, eine in Ostasien weit verbreitete Art, deren Weibchen hier erstmals beschrieben werden. Die Gattung Vecella Wu & Yang (Mycomyinae) wird hier als jüngeres Synonym für Parempheriella vorgeschlagen (syn. n.), wobei P. guadunana (Wu & Yang), comb. n. mit einer zusätzlichen palaearktischen Art von Parempheriella korrespondiert. Die hier nicht analysierten DNA-Barcodes einer zweiten Stichprobe aus 1.493 Exemplaren von Pilzmücken deuten darauf hin, dass in Singapur 18 zusätzliche MOTUs vorkommen. Daher schätzen wir, dass circa 85% aller Arten Singapurs, die regelmäßig in Malaise-Fallen geraten, hier beschrieben sind. Die Revision schließt mit einer Diskussion der Biogeographie und generischen Zusammensetzung der Mycetophilidenfauna im südlichen Teil der Malaiischen Halbinsel.
Heterogeneity of arthropod communities on the canopy of Ouratea hexasperma (Ochnaceae): does canopy size matter?
(2025) Santos, Danillo Alves; Moyses, Wedney; Branco, João Luiz Cordeiro Castelo; Rodrigues, Carlene Gomes; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco
First cerrado record of Charletonia rocciai (Trombidiformes: Erythraeidae) on a flea beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with notes on its distribution
(2026) Begha, Bruno Piotrovski; Pereira, Tiago Tosta Fernandes; Pereira, Beatriz de Lira; Falchi, Vanessa Leonel; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira de; Bassini-Silva, Ricardo; Jacinavicius, Fernando de Castro
Erythraeidae is known for its parasitic larval stage, which targets a wide variety of arthropods, followed by predatory post-larval stages. In Brazil, more than 30 species of erythraeid mites have been recorded, but knowledge of host specificity and geographic distribution remains limited. Among them, Charletonia rocciai Treat & Flechtmann, 1979, has been reported exclusively in Brazil, mainly in southeastern and southern states, parasitizing arthropods from various orders. Here, we report a new host association of C. rocciai with the flea beetle Walterianella tapuiae Begha & Prado, 2025 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini: Oedionychina), collected in the Parque Estadual Altamiro de Moura Pacheco (Goiás, Central-Western Brazil), within the Cerrado biome. This is the first record of C. rocciai parasitizing a chrysomelid beetle and its first occurrence in the Cerrado. This finding expands both the known host range and geographic distribution of C. rocciai, supporting its generalist parasitic behavior and highlighting the importance of increasing sampling efforts in underexplored biomes. Cooperative investigations between specialists in different groups are crucial for a better understanding of the ecological roles of erythraeid mites in terrestrial ecosystems.
Some Phytoseiidae (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata) from Argentina: new records, complementary descriptions, and an updated key to the species known from the country
(2026) Rossetti, Octavio Cesar; Döker, Ismail; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco
Phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes: Mesostigmata) are key natural enemies of phytophagous mites and other small arthropods, playing an important role in the biological control of pests in crops and natural plants. Despite their ecological importance, the knowledge of this family in Argentina remains incomplete, regarding taxonomy and distribution. In this study, we present a survey of phytoseiid mites on native plants from Argentina. The phytoseiid mites were collected from different plant species and localities, mainly in Santa Fe province. As a result, a total of nine species from seven genera were recorded. Among these, Euseius sibelius (De Leon), Galendromimus (Galendromimus) paulista Zacarias & Moraes, and Metaseiulus (Metaseiulus) eiko (El-Banhawy) are new records for Argentina. Complementary descriptions are provided for the three newly recorded species as well as for E. inouei (Ehara & Moraes). An updated dichotomous key to the phytoseiid species currently known from Argentina is also presented.
Plant mites (Arachnida: Acariformes, Parasitiformes) in Caatinga remnants from Piauí State, Brazil
(2025) Rossetti, Octavio Cesar; Araújo, Fernanda Gomes de; Araújo, Walter Santos de; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco
The Caatinga is a highly threatened Brazilian biome that may host numerous unknown plant mite species, as little is known about its mite fauna. Thus, our aim was to assess plant mite species from Caatinga vegetation remnants in Piauí State, Northwestern Brazil. The assessment was conducted through sampling mites in two natural vegetation remnants in the southern region of Piauí during December 2015. Species richness was estimated using the Jackknife 1 method (999 randomizations), while observed richness was calculated using the Mao‑Tao method. Estimated and observed richness were compared using a species accumulation curve, set with a 95% confidence interval. In total, 177 mites belonging to nine species were sampled from the Caatinga vegetation remnants. The Iolinidae family accounted for the largest number of individuals, followed by Eriophyidae. The predator mite Pronematus sp. was the most abundant taxon in our samples followed by the phytophagous Aculus sp. (Eriophyidae) and Oligonychus sp. (Tetranychidae) The estimated richness (Jackknife 1) did not differ from the observed richness (Mao Tao). Furthermore, Neoseiulus tunus (De Leon) (Phytoseiidae) was recorded for the first time in the state of Piauí. This is the first scientific work to report mite species on plants from remnants of native vegetation exclusively in Piauí State, Brazil
Effects of soil nutrient enrichment on biomass, herbivores, and their predators differ between tree species in the Brazilian Cerrado
(2026) Tinoco, Carla Faleiro; Castro, Sílvia; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco; Falchi, Vanessa Leonel; Reis, Júlia Almeida; Constantino, Stefany Ribeiro; Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo e; Carvalheiro, Luisa Mafalda Gigante Rodrigues
Human-induced changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) global cycles and availability significantly impact plant growth and nutritional composition, thereby affecting ecosystem dynamics. However, research on the effects of increased nutrient availability often focuses on plant community-level effects, overlooking interspecific variability and neglecting impacts on higher trophic levels. Using a controlled fertilization experiment with six tree species that naturally occur in the Cerrado biome (Brazilian savannas), we showed that there is substantial interspecific variation in how plants respond to nutrient changes. This reflects the existence of competitive advantage for certain native species under a scenario of increased soil nutrient availability. Such effects propagated to higher trophic levels (herbivores and their predators), also varying between plant host species. The strength and direction of N input effect depended on P levels and the type of herbivores. Large invertebrate leaf herbivores were less affected than phytophagous mites. Impacts on higher trophic levels (predatory mites) were less pronounced than on phytophagous mites. Overall, we show that ongoing soil nutrient enrichment has the potential to alter interspecific competition dynamics in plant communities with consequences for ecological interaction partners. These findings have important implications for conservation and ecosystem management, especially in areas highly exposed to soil nutrient enrichment due to farming and industrial activities.
Phytoseiidae mite (Parasitiformes: Phytoseiidae) assemblages from different Cerrado vegetation types
(2025) Rossetti, Octavio Cesar; Barroso, Geovanny Soares Pauferro; Demite, Peterson Rodrigo; Lima, Edgar Luiz de; Daud, Rodrigo Damasco
Phytoseiidae are predatory mites with some species widely used in biological control programs. Currently, 2,985 species have been described, among them, 260 species have already been recorded in Brazil. Several species of phytoseiid mites that inhabiting native vegetation remnants in Brazil have the potential to act as predators of crop pests contributing to natural biological control. Here, we accessed the diversity of phytoseiid mites on plants in three Cerrado vegetation formations. Twenty-one natural vegetation remnants distributed in the grassland, forest and savannah vegetation formations in the municipalities at Barro Alto and Niquelândia, Goiás State, Brazil, were sampled. All sampled remnants were close to areas exploited for nickel mining. Species richness of mites was estimated by first-order Jackknife method in order to compare phytoseiid mite communities in vegetation formations. The similarity in communities among different vegetation formations was evaluated using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and ANOSIM. A total of 279 phytoseiid mites distributed in 19 species and 11 genera were sampled. The richness of mite species estimated for the grassland formation was lower than the one of the forest and savannah remnants. However, the composition of the phytoseiid species did not vary among vegetation formations. The most abundant phytoseiid species sampled were Euseius sibelius (De Leon) (67 specimens), Euseius citrifolius Denmark and Muma (47) and Transeius bellottii (Moraes and Mesa) (29). The present work demonstrated that remnants of natural vegetation of the Cerrado can serve as important reservoirs for the conservation of Phytoseiidae biodiversity, even under the impacts caused by nickel mining activities, and potentially provide ecosystem services for sustainable agricultural yields.
Acute oral toxicity of fipronil on the stingless bee frieseomelitta varia (Lepeletier, 1836)
(2025) Godoi, Murion Monteiro de; Silva, Daniela de Melo e; Brito, Pedro Vale de Azevedo
Stingless bees are essential pollinating insects, contributing to the maintenance of biodiversity and agricultural production. However, during their foraging activity, they encounter pesticides that can harmtheir populations. The present study aims to evaluate the acute oral lethal concentration (LC) of fipronil inthe stingless bee species Frieseomelitta varia. The LC10, LC25, and LC50 were calculated for a 48-hour period, which were 61.2, 112.2, and 219.9 ng/mL, respectively, and for the 96-hour period, which were 15.07, 29.3,and61.33ng/mL,respectively. The study highlights the importance of the conscious use of pesticides, as damage to pollinating insect populationscanbe botheconomicallyandecologically detrimenta
Aluminum impairs cellular ultrastructure and bone microarchitecture in newborn rats
(2026) Marques, Mara Rubia; Moreira, Anderson Camargo; Mantovani, Iara Frangiotti; Brito, Pedro Vale de Azevedo; Nascimento, Isabela Cristina Gomes de Souza; Fernandes, Celso Peres; Santos, Fernanda Cristina Alcantara dos
Modern lifestyle is strongly marked by the presence of aluminum (Al) in practically all human consumer products. Bone tissue is one of the main sites of Al accumulation, and its toxic effects are well known in individuals subjected to chronic exposure. However, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding the effects of Al on bone formation in the neonatal period. This study evaluated the effect of Al ingestion on rat tibiae during the neonatal period. Wistar rats were divided into control and Al groups. The Al group received AlCl3 (2.02 mg/kg/day) via gavage for fifteen days, then, the right tibiae were used to evaluate osteoblast and osteocyte ultrastructure and bone microarchitecture using transmission electron microscopy and computed X-ray microtomography, respectively. Al promoted swelling and altered mitochondrial crests in osteoblasts. Osteocytes showed accumulation of electron-dense lysosomes and absence of the osmiophilic lamina in the lacunae, showing characteristics similar to osteocytic osteolysis. Cortical Thickness (Ct.Th), Trabecular thickness (Tb.th) and trabecular number (Tb.N) decreased whilst trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp) increased. These results suggest that Al intake during the neonatal period may affect the function of osteoblasts and osteocytes besides compromising bone formation.
Predation record of bees (Apidae: Hymenoptera) by assassin bugs (Reduviidae: Hemiptera) in the cerrado
(2025) Rodrigues, Virley Gonçalves; Souza, Alexandre Camargo de; Pereira, Márcio Junior; Heinzelmann, Matheus Carneiro; Santana, Hélcio Reinaldo Gil; Brito, Pedro Vale de Azevedo; Santana, Herick Soares de; Fiuza, Tatiana de Sousa; Freitas, Paulo Vitor Divino Xavier de; Pedroso, Everton Tizo; Silva Neto, Carlos de Melo e
The predatory behavior of harpactorine assassin bugs on bees in different circumstances and locations is known and has been documented in the literature. In this paper we present three records of bee predation by two species of Zelus and one of Heniartes (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae), highlighting the predation behavior of the species in relation to stingless bees and the exotic bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Apinae).
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana do polihexametileno biguanida (PHMB) em bactérias isoladas de fígados de frangos
(2025) Carmo, Gabriela Vieira; Silva, Luciana Damacena; Amaral, Cátia Lira do; Barnabé, Ana Caroline de Souza; Santana, Eliete Souza
Chicken meat, due to its nutritional properties, requires high-quality standards to meet consumer expectations and mitigate risks associated with opportunistic microorganisms. In light of the growing search for alternatives to the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials, Polyhexamethylene Biguanide (PHMB) stands out as a surfactant agent effective against such microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate the bacterial resistance profile and the antimicrobial activity of PHMB against bacteria isolated from broiler livers. To achieve this, the antimicrobial sensitivity was assessed using the disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined through antimicrobial activity testing by dilution in a 96-well polystyrene plate, while the Minimum Biocidal Concentration (MBC) was confirmed at specific concentrations. Antibiogram results indicated a marked resistance to the tested antimicrobials. In the antimicrobial activity test, an inhibitory effect was observed across all tested concentrations, with biocidal confirmation at select concentrations. The consistency between the study's data and the literature reinforces the validity of the results. It is concluded that PHMB, at low concentrations, exhibits a mild inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria isolated from poultry livers. However, further studies are required to confirm these findings.

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