FCT - Artigos publicados em periodicos

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttp://200.137.215.59//handle/ri/11335

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Descarbonização e sustentabilidade no Poder Judiciário: tendências da produção científica internacional
(2025) Tannus, Edson Henrique de Oliveira; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Domingos, José Luis
This article presents a bibliometric analysis on energy efficiency and decarbonization in public buildings, with a particular focus on the Brazilian Judiciary. The research identifies the main international scientific trends on the topic, emphasizing the relationship between energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, and sustainability-oriented public policies. A total of 437 metadata records from the Web of Science and Scopus databases, covering the last five years, were analyzed using RStudio and the Bibliometrix package. The results highlight China’s leadership in scientific output and reveal a lack of studies addressing the Latin American context, especially within the institutional framework of the National Council of Justice (CNJ) and its Resolution n. 594/2024, which sets decarbonization targets for 2030. The findings indicate that integrating retrofit actions, renewable energy systems, and lifecycle management represents the most effective path toward carbon neutrality in the public sector. The study reinforces the importance of aligning academic research with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 7 and SDG 13, promoting more sustainable and innovative practices within the Judiciary.
Comparative analysis between off-grid photovoltaic solar energy, diesel generator and Hybrid system options
(2025-12) Villena, John Edward Neira; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Silva, Fernando Carvalho Assunção da; Moraes, Marcela Prudente
This study aimed to measure and compare the costs of some energy generation and storage systems that are considered to be more suitable and accessible for use in isolated rural areas, where there is no or limited access to the energy distribution network. In this study, the energy is considered as being produced from a diesel generator set, an off-grid photovoltaic system with a battery and a diesel solar hybrid system. The analysis evaluates the best conditions through a technical and economic comparison presented by these three alternatives. The alternatives were compared, where it was noted that the annual production costs, by obtaining the unit production cost of the diesel generator, reached R$ 1.27/kWh, while for the off-grid photovoltaic generation system using batteries, the value was R$1.64*/kWh and the hybrid system was R$2.37/kWh. *value obtained under specific conditions.
Experimentação computacional de modelos matemáticos para o problema de flow shop com tempos de setup
(2025) Santos, Lorrany Guilherme; Fuchigami, Helio Yochihiro
This paper addresses the permutation flow shop problem with sequence-independent setup times and minimization of mean flow time. In order to compare the results, two mixed integer linear programming models were proposed: one based on precedence variables and another on position variables. The computational experimentation was performed through a set of 1000 instances of the literature, divided into 40 classes, according to the variation of the number of machines, jobs and distribution of processing times. The results highlighted that the formulation based on position variables is more efficient than that based on precedence variables.
Manutenção preventiva em subestação em média tensão
(2025) Mesquita, Cristhopher Alves; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Villena, John Edward Neira
This project has as a goal to present preventive maintenance techniques for the equipment in a substation, addressing measurements in a 750kVA medium voltage substation in Aparecida de Goiânia-GO, conducting tests on the transformer, disconnect switches, current transformers, potential transformers, medium voltage circuit breaker, lightning arrester, and cable joints. The following tests were performed: insulation resistance test, contact resistance test, analysis of insulating oil, turns ratio test, and circuit breaker trip test, using the megger, microohmmeter, Transformer Turns Ratio, and protection test kit.
Relação entre o fator de simultaneidade e a viabilidade econômica em sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede
(2025) Fernandes, José Eduardo Stort; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Fonseca, Marcelo Nunes; Pinheiro Neto, Daywes; Domingos, José Luis; Aires, Felipe Lima
The global energy transition has driven the growth of clean energy sources, with solar photovoltaics leading this expansion, especially in Brazil, where it represents about 97% of distributed generation. Law No. 14,300/2022, which established the legal framework for distributed generation, altered the energy compensation system, gradually decreasing the value of energy injected into the grid relative to consumption costs, impacting the economic feasibility of photovoltaic projects. In this context, the simultaneity factor (SF), which relates instant consumption to generation, becomes an essential parameter for feasibility analysis. This study investigates the impact of SF on the economic feasibility of grid-connected photovoltaic projects, using economic engineering theories and Monte Carlo simulation applied to 50 electricpower distribution companies. The deterministic analysis revealed that, for scenarios with SF between 10% and 90%, the Net Present Value (NPV) increased by an average of 114%, and the Discounted Payback (DP) grew by 59%. In the typical case with SF of 35%, the average NPV was 30 (103 x R$), and the average DP was 8 years. The results suggest that low tariffs and high SF increase economic risks, providing a useful tool for energy planning in Brazil.
Eficiência energética em prédio público – estudo de caso de automação do sistema de ar condicionado
(2025) Carneiro, Iamanda de Morais; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Villena, John Edward Neira; Carvalho Junior, Evaristo Rodrigues de; Mesquita, Denys Fernandes; Martins, Cleidson Ramos; Laureano, Cleusmar Correia; Almeida, Tiago dos Santos
Objective: This study aims to demonstrate energy efficiency measures that enable effective control over the operation of air conditioning units in the Faculty of Science and Technology/UFG (FCT) building. Theoretical Framework: This study explores the potential for optimizing energy consumption in a VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) system and a CCM09 control center, which is capable of managing multiple air conditioning units. Method: Although the CCM09 control center had been installed in the FCT building, it was not operational. To activate it, the first step was to catalog all installed air conditioning units. Next, the control center was connected to the VRF system, and finally, software enabling remote control (via the internet) was implemented. This software allows for effective system management, including monitoring and shutting down units during non-essential periods, such as nighttime, weekends, and holidays. Results and Discussion: The actions taken in this study enabled a more efficient scheduling of operating hours and facilitated the implementation of a remote monitoring system for the FCT air conditioning system. Research Implications: he findings of this research contribute to reducing the energy consumption of the FCT air conditioning system, aligning with broader efforts to enhance energy efficiency. Originality/Value: This study is pioneering in the buildings of the Federal University of Goiás (UFG). Currently, another building with the same technology exists, but it remains disconnected. The results obtained will support the adoption of this technology in the mentioned building and future UFG facilities.
Study of air conditioning technologies and sizing of a refrigeration system
(2025) Araújo, João Vitor Ferreira; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Oliveira, Janine Cavalcante de; Capistrano, Gradisca de Oliveira Werneck de; Villena, John Edward Neira
Objective: The objective of this article is to conduct a study on Brazilian public policies regarding Energy Efficiency and how they apply to different types of air conditioning technologies available on the market. Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories that support the research were presented. The focus includes the different types of air conditioning units and their technologies, as well as the necessary calculations for their proper sizing. Method: A bibliographic review was conducted, followed by the development of a model and its subsequent validation. Data collection was carried out by selecting the environments to be analyzed. Finally, the tool was applied in two case studies. Results and Discussion: The findings revealed that the sizing of air conditioning systems yielded satisfactory results when validated through alternative models available in bibliographic sources. Possible discrepancies and study limitations are also considered in this section. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of proper air conditioning unit sizing and the energy efficiency involved in their operation. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by creating a detailed calculation spreadsheet for air conditioning unit sizing. The relevance and value of this research are highlighted by enabling, in a simple and didactic manner, the pursuit of energy efficiency through the correct sizing of this equipment.
Quality management in a Brazilian forensic DNA laboratory
(2025) Bezerra, Laryssa Silva de Andrade; Martinucci, Bruno; Godoi, Lorena Carvalho Gondim; Souza Neto, Advaldo Carlos de; Amaral, Tatiana Gondim do; Poltronieri, Camila Fabricio
This study describes the implementation of a quality management system (QMS) in the Forensic Biology and DNA Laboratory of the Technical-Scientific Police of the State of Goiás, Brazil, based on Resolution 12 of the RIBPG Steering Committee and partially aligned with ISO/IEC 17025. The implementation followed the PDCA cycle and was conducted in a local public forensic genetics laboratory responsible for criminal investigations and human identification. Standard operating procedures and management practices were progressively developed, incorporating ISO/IEC 17025 requirements where feasible and convergent. To monitor the system’s effectiveness, performance indicators (PIs) were proposed and analyzed according to the laboratory’s strategic objectives of efficiency and quality. These indicators, grouped into three domains—service, QMS, and customer—were used to assess performance from 2019 to 2022. The analysis of PIs demonstrated measurable improvements in laboratory responsiveness, traceability, service delivery times, and conformance to quality practices. The implementation also fostered a culture of continuous improvement, internal audits, and staff training. The results confirm that it is feasible to establish a robust, standards-based QMS in a public forensic context, contributing to greater reliability, credibility, and integration with national databases.
Novas regras de geração distribuida: análise de viabilidade econômica da implantação de sistemas fotovoltaicos
(2025) Paula, Vinícius de Faria; Fonseca, Marcelo Nunes; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Rabelo, Diogo de Souza; Villena, John Edward Neira
Among the sources of alternative energy generation, photovoltaic solar energy has stood out among the main ones. Its use has become increasingly common in homes and small businesses. And it was in 2012, from the use of technologies such as Distributed Generation, that was regulated so that the Brazilian could generate their own energy. And it was predicted that this standard would undergo a review in 2019. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the impact that the new rules proposed by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) will have on a project to install a system of photovoltaic energy in a school in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia (GO). For this, we used the school's energy consumption data and the average annual sunshine hours per day. The system was dimensioned and, based on investment analysis techniques, calculations were always performed comparing the current scenario and the scenario with the new rates and rules. The results show a clear difference between the values of Business Value, NPV and IRR in each scenario, besides the analysis assuming that the project will be implemented in the following years until 2030, which is the date when the new rates will be applied. There is a maximum fee that must be charged, a maximum charge for each kWp and theNPV becomes lower with each passing year. Finally, it can be concluded that in both scenarios this project is still economically viable, with a positive NPV, but the closer to 2030 the project is implemented, the lower its returns and the less attractive the project will be.
A classification method for making-do waste using Machine Learning
(2025-12) Amaral, Tatiana Gondim do; Paula, Gabriella Soares de; Maciel, Caio César Medeiros
This research study investigates the potential use and best-fitting model for the automated making-do waste classification in construction sites, using Machine Learning techniques to reduce labor and inconsistencies of the manual method. Given the difficulty of manually analyzing a textual database of non-conformities, an automated method applying Machine Learning algorithms is proposed. A total of 8,196 records were collected from the Melius Qualidade service management platform, covering twenty-one high-end multifamily residential projects from three construction companies in Goiânia/GO, of which 3,598 were considered suitable for this research after filtering. The initial classification was done manually, followed by applying nine Machine Learning algorithms by using the Orange Data Mining software for testing and evaluation. Results indicated that grouping data by company yielded the best prediction accuracy, while the Neural Network model achieved a recall of up to 98.20%, making it the most effective. The study highlights that automation accelerates the classification process and improves precision and consistency in identifying making-do waste, significantly contributing to quality management in construction projects.
Aplicação da Curva ABC na gestão de estoques de uma instituição de perícia criminal
(2025) Silva, Fernanda Marcelino da; Rabelo, Diogo de Souza; Galo, Nadya Regina
This article aims to apply the ABC analysis technique to inventory management in the warehouse of a forensic science institution, addressing the need to improve organization, material control, and the efficiency of internal processes. The research conducted was bibliographic in nature, classified as descriptive, with a quantitative approach and carried out as a case study. The classification of items into A, B, and C categories aims to identify those that require greater attention in stock management, prioritizing those of higher strategic relevance to the institution. This classification seeks to optimize the use of available resources, ensure the continuous availability of essential materials, and consequently contribute to operational efficiency and the quality of forensic services provided to society. The results revealed failures in the categorization, control, and storage of materials. The application of the ABC method, along with the proposal of a specific action plan, enabled a more efficient reorganization of the warehouse, focusing on the prioritization of key supplies and optimization of storage space. It is concluded that the application of appropriate inventory management techniques, supported by a well-structured research methodology, can generate significant positive impacts on the efficiency and quality of forensic services.
Implementation of ISO/IEC 17025 in forensic genetics laboratories in Brazil
(2025-06) Bezerra, Laryssa Silva de Andrade; Souza Neto, Advaldo Carlos de; Chaves, Paulo Bomfim; Poltronieri, Camila Fabrício
In Brazil, while there are legal regulations establishing technical requirements to promote quality management systems in forensic genetics laboratories based on ISO standards, accreditation is not yet mandatory. In this study, we assess the compliance of Brazilian forensic genetics laboratories with ISO/IEC 17025 and try to identify the challenges these labs face in meeting those standards. A survey was responded by the 28 laboratories of the Integrated Network of Genetic Profile Databases (RIBPG) in order to gauge compliance with eight critical criteria: personnel management, equipment management, equipment calibration, method validation, proficiency testing, internal auditing, risk management, and critical review. The results indicate that laboratories reported greater compliance with ISO/IEC 17025 clauses already mandated and audited under the current national quality standard (Resolution 12 of the CG-RIBPG), such as pessoal competence (64 %) and equipment management (57 %). However, the results also revealed challenges in meeting some ISO requirements, especially those related to procurement of external services such as calibration (29 %) and proficiency testing through accredited providers (14 %). This article highlights the need for strategic public policy projects to support forensic laboratory accreditation, including capacity-building, specialized training, and monitoring of implementation. External motivators for accreditation and strategies tailored to the specific needs of the laboratories are also necessary.
Sistema fotovoltaico off-grid com baterias em zona rural-estudo de caso
(2025) Silva, Carvalho Assunção da; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Fonseca, Marcelo Nunes
Through electrical energy, it is possible to operate machinery, generate heat, and transmit information. This energy is generated, transmitted, and distributed until final consumption. However, interruptions in the power supply pose obstacles, especially for producers located in the rural areas of the state of Goiás. These producers face losses due to spoiled stored food and the death of animals in breeding facilities. With the rise of distributed generation, consumers have been enabled to produce their ownenergy, thus becoming prosumer. This study conducts a case analysis on a rural property located in the municipality of Cezarina-GO, aiming to investigate the optimal solution for maintaining a consistent energy supply through alternative generation sources. Different scenarios are explored: 1) Grid Electricity + Backup Generator; 2) Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic System; and 3) Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic System + Batteries. Based on the energy demand of the location, equipment is sized for each scenario, and a financial analysis is performed using indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Discounted Payback Period, and Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). The results show that the scenario "Grid Electricity + Off-Grid Photovoltaic System + Batteries" exhibits the best feasibility among the analyzed solutions. Despite having an initial investment nine times higher than the more traditional "Grid Electricity + Backup Generator" scenario, it presents a highernegative NPV and a lower LCOE over a 30-year period.
Multi-objective optimization based on kriging surrogate model and genetic algorithm for stiffened panel collapse assessment
(2025) Lima, João Paulo Silva; Vieira, Raí Lima; Santos, Elizaldo Domingues dos; Rocha, Luiz Alberto Oliveira; Isoldi, Liércio André
A hyperparameter-optimized Kriging surrogate model was developed for the structural collapse behavior framework presented in this paper. The assessment is conducted on a stiffened panel subject to axial load and lateral pressure, typical of the deck structure of a bulk carrier ship. This behavior is characterized using nonlinear finite element analysis to determine the collapse response. The surrogate model’s hyperparameters were optimized using a Genetic Algorithm to achieve the best performance, and the trained framework can predict ultimate strength. By following this approach, the problem can be reformulated as a multi-objective optimization task. This framework involves associating the Kriging surrogate model with a multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithm based on Genetic Algorithms to balance the trade-off between the weight and ultimate strength of the stiffened panel. The results confirm the applicability of the Kriging surrogate framework to predict the ultimate strength and assess the collapse analysis of the stiffened panels, ensuring accuracy through GA-based hyperparameter optimization.
Enhancing three-phase induction motor reliability with health index and artificial intelligence-driven predictive maintenance
(2025) Aires, Felipe Lima; Galeno, Gabriel Dias; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Oliveira, Antonio Melo; Hunt, Julian David
The aim of this work is to assist in the maintenance of three-phase induction motors by creating a health index for this equipment. The proposed approach is based on power quality concepts, the creation of an algebraic algorithm to determine the health index and the use of artificial intelligence algorithms for modelling time series, such as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average and Facebook Prophet, to predict the future health of the motor based on its historical data. The use of historical data makes it possible to anticipate potential failures and guide predictive maintenance strategies, helping to reduce costs and minimize unplanned downtime. The study examines various causes of failure in three-phase induction motors, analysing some of the most recurrent failures, their implications and the resulting impacts on the performance of the three-phase induction motor.
Simulação de cenários de geração energética por meio de sistemas fotovoltaicos e bancos de baterias para análise de viabilidade
(2025) Lopes, César Lucas Caetano de Abreu; Santos, Lorrany Guilherme; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Severino, Maico Roris; Fonseca, Marcelo Nunes
In recent decades, the growing environmental concern has led industries to adopt more sustainable strategies, such as Green SupplyChain Management, with an emphasis on Green Manufacturing. Within this context, the present study aims to analyze the feasibility of implementing a photovoltaic power plant to meet the energy demand of an agribusiness factory located in the Central-West region of Brazil, motivated by the need to combine energy efficiency with environmental sustainability. The research was structured into five stages: theoretical foundation, definition of the object of study, sizing of battery banks, sizing of the photovoltaic system, and economic feasibility analysis. Four test scenarios were developed—one on-grid and three off-grid—the latter considering the use of battery banks. The results showed that only the on-grid scenario presented a positive Net Present Value (NPV), an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) higher than the adopted cost of capital, and a payback period of 20 years. In contrast, the off-grid scenarios required high investments in storage technologies, thus encouraging further studies with alternative technologies to assess their economic feasibility.
Impacto do custo de capital na viabilidade financeira de sistemas fotovoltaicos
(2025) Paula, Vinícius de Faria; Fonseca, Marcelo Nunes; Belchior, Fernando Nunes; Valério, Victor Eduardo de Mello
Objective: The objective is to evaluate the impact of capital cost and the financial viability of a photovoltaic system project through an analysis of the construction of a power plant for energy generation in a Brazilian cosmetics company holding. Theoretical Framework: The study highlights theories on renewable energy sources in Brazil, Distributed Generation, and investment analysis criteria, providing a solid foundation for understanding the research context. Method: The proposed methodology consists of 4 phases, starting with the planning stage, where the problem to be studied is formulated and analyzed. Next, the study is modeled, defining the variables to be analyzed and data collection. In the experimentation phase, calculations and analyses were performed to, in the final stage, assist in decision-making. Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the project is economically viable and that the main variables impacting NPV are the risk and market premium and the energy tariff price. In the risk analysis, it was observed that the project has low risk, and its execution is recommended. Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of Economic Engineering and Sustainability. These implications may encompass investment analysis, renewable energy sources, and project financial viability. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by analyzing capital cost and risk premium in financial feasibility projects in the renewable energy sector. The relevance and value of this research are evidenced by identifying variables that may impact large-scale projects.
Comparison of Convolutional Neural Networks using Gramian Angular Difference Field, Recurrence Plot, and Markov Transition Fields for rotor imbalance detection in wind turbines
(2025) Schmidt, Júlio Oliveira; Aires, Lucas França; Hübner, Guilherme Ricardo; Pinheiro, Humberto; Gamarra, Daniel Fernando Tello
This study investigates various data representations derived from wind turbine dynamics, utilizing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as diagnostic tools to identify rotor mass imbalance. The analysis examines three distinct methods for encoding the dataset into 2D images: Gramian angular difference field (GADF), recurrence plot (RP), and Markov transition fields (MTF). To achieve this, simulations of a 1.5 MW three-bladed wind turbine model were conducted using TURBSIM, FAST, and MATLAB SIMULINK . These simulations generated rotor speed data under diverse conditions, including varying wind speeds and induced mass imbalances achieved by adjusting blade density in the software. Comparative analyses across nine classifiers demonstrated that the Gramian angular difference field provided the most promising results. The study presents detailed results and simulations, offering a thorough evaluation of the proposed architecture’s effectiveness in detecting and diagnosing rotor mass imbalances in wind turbines.
Projeto detalhado de equipamentos de baixo custo para extração de partes do pequi
(2025) Santos, Pedro Henrique Revoredo dos; Poltronieri, Camila Fabrício; Severino, Maico Roris; Silva, Jesiel Pereira de Campos; Pinto, Hércules Gideon Barros; Leite, André Elias
Objective: This study investigates the development of a sustainable and low-cost equipment for separating the parts of the pequi fruit. It aims to assist small-scale extractive producers in the Cerrado region by optimizing the extraction process, reducing waste, and improving working conditions. The goal is to promote the socioeconomic development of these communities and encourage environmental sustainability. Method: The qualitative and applied research involved technical visits and interviews in settlements in northeastern Goiás, including Mambaí, Flores de Goiás, and Formosa. Structured questionnaires, approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CEP), were used to understand local practices, primary uses of pequi, and challenges faced. The data collected guided the projeto and prototyping in collaboration with experts. Results and Discussion: Equipment such as a pulp extractor capable of processing 40 kg of pequi per hour and an industrial guillotine for precise cuts were developed. These advancements increased productivity and reduced physical efforts and ergonomic risks. Social technologies were highlighted as essential for socioeconomic inclusion and environmental preservation. Limitations such as the need for training and detailed economic analysis were identified as opportunities for future studies. Implications: The research demonstrates the impact of technological innovations on sustainable extractivism, improving productivity, safety, and environmental conservation. These advancements boost the regional economy, enhance ergonomics, and reinforce the integration of social technology into community practices. Originality/Value: This study presents accessible and innovative solutions with replicable potential in similar contexts, benefiting communities and preserving the Cerrado's biodiversity.
Fault detection in photovoltaic modules using I–V curves and machine learning
(2025-09) Silva, Eduardo Goulart da; Franchi, Claiton Moro; Treter, Marcos Eduardo; Gamarra, Daniel Fernando Tello
Considering growing global demand for electricity, it is essential to invest in clean and renewable energy production. Investing in renewable energy production is crucial to creating a sustainable matrix that can efficiently meet consumption needs. Reducing costs for solar energy operation and maintenance (O&M) is critical to ensure the economic viability of photovoltaic (PV) projects. Efficient management of these costs can make the difference between a successful project and an unprofitable installation. This work proposes the structuring of a dataset using real measurements of current–voltage (I–V) curves from a solar plant. Based on this, two classifications were performed to detect shading and soiling in PV modules. Two different methods were used for feature processing. One dataset was created using complete I–V curves, while the other relied solely on key parameters from a characteristic curve. The dataset used incorporates data on current, voltage, irradiance, and module temperature at the time of measurements. Different machine learning models were compared, achieving 100% accuracy in soiling classification and 93.2% in shading classification.

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