Specific T cell induction using iron oxide based nanoparticles as subunit vaccine adjuvant
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2018
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Metal-based nanoparticles (NPs) stimulate innate immunity; however, they have never been demonstrated
to be capable of aiding the generation of specific cellular immune responses. Therefore, our objective was
to evaluate whether iron oxide-based NPs have adjuvant properties in generating cellular Th1, Th17 and
TCD8 (Tc1) immune responses. For this purpose, a fusion protein (CMX) composed of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis antigens was used as a subunit vaccine. Citrate-coated MnFe2O4 NPs were synthesized by coprecipitation
and evaluated by transmission electron microscopy. The vaccine was formulated by
homogenizing NPs with the recombinant protein, and protein corona formation was determined by
dynamic light scattering and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The vaccine was evaluated for
the best immunization route and strategy using subcutaneous and intranasal routes with 21-day intervals
between immunizations. When administered subcutaneously, the vaccine generated specific CD4CIFN-g
C
(Th1) and CD8CIFN-g
C responses. Intranasal vaccination induced specific Th1, Th17 (CD4CIL-17C) and Tc1
responses, mainly in the lungs. Finally, a mixed vaccination strategy (2 subcutaneous injections followed
by one intranasal vaccination) induced a Th1 (in the spleen and lungs) and splenic Tc1 response but was
not capable of inducing a Th17 response in the lungs. This study shows for the first time a subunit vaccine
with iron oxide based NPs as an adjuvant that generated cellular immune responses (Th1, Th17 and TCD8),
thereby exhibiting good adjuvant qualities. Additionally, the immune response generated by the
subcutaneous administration of the vaccine diminished the bacterial load of Mtb challenged animals,
showing the potential for further improvement as a vaccine against tuberculosis.
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Infectious disease, Th17 TCD8 cells, Manganese ferrite, Th1, Antigenicity
Citação
MARQUES NETO, Lázaro Moreira et al. Specific T cell induction using iron oxide based nanoparticles as subunit vaccine adjuvant. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Austin, v. 14, n. 11, p. 1-16, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1489192. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6314432/. Acesso em: 11 abr. 2023.