Diagnóstico fotodinâmico: princípios e aplicações

Resumo

In recent years, the use of fluorescence-based techniques has greatly increased. However, the use of such techniques in Veterinary Medicine is not widespread. Considering the need for further information on the use of these techniques to assist the diagnosis of diseases, the objective of this review was to cover the main applications of photodiagnosis as well as the photosensitizers more used in this process. Photodynamic diagnosis is based on the manner in which normal and abnormal tissues absorb light, allowing fluorescence on these tissues when they are in contact with a fluorophore. These fluorophores may be endogenous or exogenous, and emit fluorescence when excited by light of a specific wavelength. The fluorophores are called exogenous photosensitizers and have a key role in photodiagnosis. They are molecules capable of interacting with light-generating fluorescence or reactive oxygen species. This technique can be applied to the diagnosis of many diseases, such as skin fungi, detection of dental caries, bacterial biofilms, detection of small lesions in the digestive tract, and especially in the early diagnosis of cancer and treatment of neoplasms. Being an innovative non-invasive technique, with high sensitivity and specificity, as well as relatively quick and easy to perform, photodynamic diagnosis presents potential for use in veterinary medicine.

Descrição

Palavras-chave

Fotodiagnóstico, Fotossensibilizadores, Fluorescência, Porfirina, Photodiagnosis, Photosensitizers, Fluorescence, Porphyrin

Citação

OLIVEIRA, Taise Maria dos Anjos et al. Diagnóstico fotodinâmico: princípios e aplicações. Enciclopédia Biosfera, Goiânia, v. 11, n. 22, p. 976-1000, dez. 2015.