Caracterização dos perfis de solo derivado da fácies anortosito da suíte Córrego das Campinas, associado à ocorrência de caulim, na região de Porangatu, Trombas e Santa Tereza de Goiás, Goiás

Abstract

Considering the countless applications of clay minerals in the industry in its most diverse ramifications, the present work sought to characterize the soil profiles in the triple border of the municipalities of Trombas, Porangatu and Santa Tereza de Goiás, in the State of Goiás. In order to characterize the type of existing material, which uses and how it occurs throughout the entire study area. To this end, it was necessary to map the occurrences of rock and soil, analyze the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of the soils and its horizons. Then it was carried out photo interpretation work looking for clear exposures of soils (clearances) and rock exposures. During the field activity, systematic sampling of variations in soil intervals and soil types was carried out, in addition to rock sampling. Sampling was done in the form of channel and spot sampling. Subsequently, geochemical analysis and geotechnical tests of the material were carried out in the laboratory. Therefore, it was verified that the existence of kaolinite, the main constituent of kaolin. The kaolin in the locality is primary, resulting from the alteration of the source rock (anorthosite) and is mainly associated with the B horizon of the soil. It is commonly noted that a superficial laterite crust, associated with alluvial deposits, contains concentrations of iron and titanium oxides in the kaolin, which interfere with the color of the material, making it possible to identify horizons of different colors such as red, yellow and white. It can be concluded that the soil profile in the study area is mostly composed of clay minerals, laterite crust and alluvial deposits. The color of the kaolin horizons is mainly due to the iron present in the laterite crust and minerals present in the anorthosite. It is necessary to process the material to remove the iron for applications in industry in general.