Caracterização bioquímica do produto de excreção/ secreção de larvas de cochliomyia hominivorax (diptera: calliphoridae)

Abstract

The species Cochliomyia hominivorax, also known as screwworm fly, is an obligate parasite of warmblooded animals and its geographic range extends thoughout South America, except Chile. This fly causes significant economic losses and has great importance in Brazil. Few studies have focused on the excretion and secretion products of this species, and this research aimed to study the enzymes present in the secretion and excretion (E/S) products of the three larval instars of C. hominivorax. The E/S profile of proteins was obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and proteolytic activity was analyzed using gelatin, azocasein and Na-benzoyl-arginine-nitroanilide as substrates. In E/S products of the three instars, proteins were detected with an apparent molecular weight ranging between 116 and 20 kDa. In the azocasein assay, at different pH ranges, the major proteolytic activity occurred at pH 7.5 for all larval instars. Assays were performed using the same substrates in which the samples were treated with the inhibitors Benzamidine, Pepstatin A, 4-(2-Aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF), N-α-tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), N-α- tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK), Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and Leupeptin-trans-Epoxysuccinyl-leucylamido(4-guanidino) butane (E-64). Proteinases present in the E/S product of first larvae instar are mostly serine trypsin and chymotrypsin proteases, whereas for second and third instars serine proteases and aspartyl proteases were predominantly observed. Biochemical characterization of E/S products of all larval stages of C. hominivorax helps to improve the understanding of the physiology and the interaction of this parasite with host tissues.