Condutividade hidráulica e atributos físicos de um latossolo vermelho sob sistemas de manejo no Cerrado Goiano

Abstract

Soils submitted to cropping systems tend to a new state of equilibrium, reflected in different manifestations of their attributes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the modifications caused by soil use systems on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and physical attributes of an Oxisol of Cerrado. Three systems of soil use were analyzed: Native Cerrado (CN) - without anthropic interventions, Agroforestry System (SAF) - composed of Dipteryx alata V. trees, intercropped with annual and perennial crops in a rotational system, implanted in 2006 and Pasture - formed by Brachiaria brizantha with extensive cultivation system since 1997. A completely randomized design with 5 replications was used. Were evaluated the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks), global density (Ds), total porosity (Pt), penetration resistance (Rp) and soil moisture in three layers 0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the comparison of means was performed by the Tukey test (p <0,05). Seven years of cultivation in the SAF provided maintenance of the Ks and Rp levels in the first 0,10 m of depth, which indicates physical soil quality considering the development of agricultural species. Due to the short time of management, intensity of cultivation and low diversity of tree species present in the SAF, it has not yet been possible to verify improvements in physical attributes in the subsurface layers, being compared to that observed in the pasture area. The values of the physical attributes measured for the systems, although lower than the CN, do not allow to characterize a picture of intense soil degradation.