Exposição materna à nicotina na vida perinatal e alterações cardiometabólicas em seus descendentes

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Data

2024-11-29

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Universidade Federal de Goiás

Resumo

Nicotine is an alkaloid present in tobacco leaves and is the main psychoactive component responsible for addiction to smoking, which is the most common form of nicotine consumption. Its rapid absorption into the body is one of the factors that contribute to its high potential to cause addiction. Exposure to this substance during lactation represents a matter of great relevance to public health, since it can negatively impact the development of infants. Nicotine is transferred from the mother's blood to the milk, exposing the infant to its harmful effects. The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that exposure to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation is associated with a series of adverse effects on infant health. The findings indicate that this exposure to nicotine can lead to significant changes in glucose and insulin levels, endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness and hypertension, all factors that predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiometabolic parameters such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and lipid profiles (LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels) can also be affected by nicotine exposure. These changes can compromise the ability of blood vessels to dilate adequately, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, this exposure can induce epigenetic changes that predispose to chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, throughout life.

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Palavras-chave

Nicotina, Lactação, Saúde cardiometabólica, Tabagismo, Doenças cardiovasculares, Nicotine, Lactation, Cardiometabolic health, Smoking, Cardiovascular disease

Citação

CARMO, Vithoria Caetano do. Exposição materna à nicotina na vida perinatal e alterações cardiometabólicas em seus descendentes. 2024. 38 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Biomedicina) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2024.