Exposição materna à nicotina na vida perinatal e alterações cardiometabólicas em seus descendentes
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Data
2024-11-29
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Universidade Federal de Goiás
Resumo
Nicotine is an alkaloid present in tobacco leaves and is the main psychoactive component
responsible for addiction to smoking, which is the most common form of nicotine consumption. Its
rapid absorption into the body is one of the factors that contribute to its high potential to cause
addiction. Exposure to this substance during lactation represents a matter of great relevance to
public health, since it can negatively impact the development of infants. Nicotine is transferred
from the mother's blood to the milk, exposing the infant to its harmful effects. The World Health
Organization (WHO) emphasizes that exposure to nicotine during pregnancy and lactation is
associated with a series of adverse effects on infant health. The findings indicate that this exposure
to nicotine can lead to significant changes in glucose and insulin levels, endothelial dysfunction,
increased arterial stiffness and hypertension, all factors that predispose to the development of
cardiovascular diseases. Cardiometabolic parameters such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure,
heart rate and lipid profiles (LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels) can also be affected by nicotine
exposure. These changes can compromise the ability of blood vessels to dilate adequately,
increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. In addition, this exposure can
induce epigenetic changes that predispose to chronic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes,
throughout life.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Nicotina, Lactação, Saúde cardiometabólica, Tabagismo, Doenças cardiovasculares, Nicotine, Lactation, Cardiometabolic health, Smoking, Cardiovascular disease
Citação
CARMO, Vithoria Caetano do. Exposição materna à nicotina na vida
perinatal e alterações cardiometabólicas em seus descendentes. 2024.
38 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em
Biomedicina) - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade
Federal de Goiás, 2024.