Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients
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Data
2014-06
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Resumo
Objective
To assess the prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of 344 hemodialysis patients from Goiânia, Goiás aged 18 years or more. The
dependent variable, malnutrition, was investigated by the Subjective Global Assessment. The independent
variables included socioeconomic, demographic, and lifestyle data, clinical history, and energy and protein
intakes. The patients underwent anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests. Multiple Poisson regression
determined the associated factors (p<0.05).
Results
Mild or moderate malnutrition was found in 22.4% of the patients. Malnourished patients had lower body
mass index, mid-arm muscle circumference, percentage of body fat, serum creatinine (p<0.001), and normalized
protein nitrogen appearance (p=0.001). Multivariate analysis identified the following factors associated with
malnutrition: age between 19 and 29 years (PR=1.23, 95%CI=1.06-1.43), family income less than 2 minimum
salaries (PR=1.13, 95%CI=1.01-1.27), hemodialysis vintage ≥60 months (PR=1.08, 95%CI=1.01-1.16), Kt/V≥1.2
(RP=1.12, 95%CI=1.03-1.22), calorie intake <35 kcal/kg/day (PR=1.22, 95%CI=1.10-1.34), and normalized
protein nitrogen appearance <1.0 g/kg/day (PR=1.13, 95%CI=1.05-1.21).Conclusion
The prevalence of malnutrition in this population was high, corroborating the literature. The prevalence was
higher in patients aged less than 29 years and those with low family income, longer hemodialysis vintage,
higher Kt/V, and inadequate protein and calorie intakes. Strategies to reverse this situation should include more
nutritional care.
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Palavras-chave
Malnutrition, Desnutrição, Nutrition assessment, Renal dialysis, Avaliação nutricional, Diálise renal
Citação
FREITAS, Ana Tereza Vaz de Souza et al. Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors in hemodialysis patients. Revista de Nutrição, Campinas, v. 27, n. 3, p. 357-366, May/June 2014.