Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of 4,5-Dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamide Hydrochloride against Salmonella spp.

Abstract

In the present study, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of two 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carboximidamide hydro-chloride, (trifluoromethyl) phenyl-substituted (compound 1) and bromophenyl-substituted (compound 2), were evaluatedagainst four Salmonella spp. serotypes through broth microdilution and biofilm-forming activity. Further, the cytotoxicity of thecompounds was evaluated by cell viability assays using cultures of HeLa and Vero cell lines, and the mutagenic potential wasassessed by the Ames test. In the broth microdilution test, compound 1 inhibited 90% of the strains tested at the minimuminhibitory concentration of 62.5 μg mL−1 . Furthermore, both compounds prevented biofilm formation, with a reduction of up to5.2 log 10 . HeLa and Vero cells exhibited 100% viability in the presence of compound 1. In contrast, low cell viability was observedin the presence of 15 µg mL−1 of compound 2. Furthermore, no mutagenic potential was detected at any of the tested con-centrations of compound 1.