Aplicação dos metamateriais acústicos na transmissão sonora

Abstract

Metamaterials are structures designed to exhibit physical properties not found in natural materials, such as controlled manipulation of sound waves, enhancing acoustic mitigation. When combined with additive manufacturing, this technology offers new possibilities for acoustic insulation. This study aims to explore the concept and application of the acoustic metamaterial model UOM (Ultra-open Metamaterial) proposed by Ghaffarivardavagh (2018), validating its efficiency in sound transmission loss based on its geometry. Additionally, the research investigates the advantages of simulations applied to acoustic silencers, evaluating their accuracy through impedance tube tests in conjunction with additive manufacturing of the silencer. The results indicate that the study's objectives were achieved, showing alignment between analytical, simulated, and tested results, with error margins ranging from 0.4% to 8.0%. The tests also showed proximity to the simulations, with a 3.5% error in the frequencies of maximum transmission loss, despite differences in peak absolute values. However, the fabrication of physical models using 3D resin printing revealed structural weaknesses due to reduced dimensions, highlighting challenges to be addressed for improved practical feasibility.