Comparação da viabilidade econômica da agricultura irrigada por pivô central em sistemas de plantios convencional e direto com soja, milho e tomate industrial

Abstract

In Cerrado, due to the dry season, the use of irrigation is fundamental to guarantee up to 3 harvests per year. However, it is a technique with a high cost of equipment implantation and maintenance. Thus, the researches with new technologies to reduce these costs must be constant. It is known that the use of straw on soil surface reduces water evaporation. So, the objective of this study was to compare the economic viability of a central pivot irrigated area, with and without straw on soil surface with soybean, corn and industrial tomato in Cristalina-GO, Brazil. Production costs were calculated using the software Amazonsaf. In it, the technical coefficients of production were inserted, and the financial indicators were calculated as: Net Present Value (VPL), Internal Rate of Return (TIR), Cost Benefit (B/C), Payback and Gross Revenue ratio (RB). The results showed that there was economic viability independent of the soil management used. The VPL was R$2,129.82 ha-1.year-1 and R$2,294.95 ha-1.year-1, the TIR was 131.09% and 162.55%, B/C was 1.56 and 1.64, for conventional and no-tillage, respectively. And PayBack was 3 years and RB was R$5,901.06 ha-1.year-1. It was observed that in the system of direct planting there was a reduction in the implantation cost of 4.23% of and reduction of 22.5% with energy.