A espetacularização da violência pela mídia

Abstract

Psychoanalysis, having appeared as a clinical method, was also constituted as a fundamental theory about the human psyche, unveiling determining aspects of the relationship between the subject and the culture, based on the notions that the subject is crossed by drives and, in these, the death drive presents itself through hostility intrinsic to the subject. It is known, therefore, that this hostility can become violence inside the social bond, in view of being both a propelling force for the maintenance and transformation of social bonds, and a propelling force for barbarism. In contemporary society, with the rise of neoliberalism and the advent of globalization, violence has permeated society through the inequalities and contradictions experienced within capitalism. Thus, the discussion about the ways in which the cultural industry transforms all cultural productions into mere merchandise begins, and within this, one can speak of the society of the spectacle, a reality in which all images become products and the spectators mere consumers of what is offered by the mainstream media. It is in this context that the great television programs and cinematographic works about violence in its most different forms appear: murders, rapes, assaults, robberies and kidnappings, in addition to the growth of interest in works that portray catastrophes and disasters, transforming terror and horror into entertainment. With this, violence is always seen as a problem of the other, external to the subject himself, always putting him in the position of judge and never taking responsibility for the aggressiveness that crosses the social bond. Thus, through authors such as Sigmund Freud, Joel Birman and Maria Rita Kehl, the spectacularization of violence by the media and the new ways of subjectivation of the contemporary individual will be investigated, as well as the unfolding of these forms of subjectivation in the social bond.