First record of albinism in a Crab-eating Fox and review of anomalous coloration in Neotropical carnivores

Abstract

Hypopigmentation can lead to albinism or leucism in animal pelage. This study presents the first documented case of albinism in the Crab-eating Fox (Cerdocyon thous) and explores anomalous coloration in Neotropical carnivores. An albino individual was observed in Nova Maringá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. A literature review identified 12 studies documenting 30 records of anomalous coloration across seven carnivore species, with the Tayra (Eira barbara) showing the highest occurrence (18 cases). Though rare, conditions like albinism and leucism can impact survival by reducing camouflage, communication, and reproduction, underscoring the need for further research into their causes and ecological implications.