A critically endangered new species of Croton section Barhamia (Euphorbiaceae) from the Cerrado hotspot, Brazil

Abstract

Phyllanthus sect. Almadenses includes only P. almadensis, a rare and endemic species from the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil. Previously known from only two historical collections (1819 and 1980), the species was recollected after 45 years. Here, we present an amended description, expand and map the geographic distribution, infer the conservation status, and provide the first detailed illustration for the species, the first photographs in its habitat, as well as notes on the anatomy of its stem and leaves.