Classificação das infecções do sistema nervoso central em pacientes internados no hospital de doenças tropicais em Goiânia - Goiás. Taxas de letalidade e agentes etiológicos de diferentes faixas etárias, no quinquênio 1989-1993

Abstract

1124 cases of infection of the Central Nervous System examined at lhe "Hospital de Doenças Tropicais" (Tropical Diseases Hospital) during the period of 1989-1993 were studied conceming to prevalence of the etiologic agenls, Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their ages - Group A: up to 90 days (36 cases - 3,20%); Group B: from 90 days to 5 years (522 cases - 46,44%) and Group C: older than 5 years (566 cases - 50,35%). Classification of these patients was based on rcsults from examination of cerebrospinal fluid, clinicai and epidemiological data. Acute bacterial infection was lhe mós t frequent cause in ali groups affccting 74,96%, 64,74% and 63,75% of the patients in each group. Neisseria meningitidis was llusccond most frequent etiologic agent observed infecting 16,66%, 15,32% and 21,73% of the patients in each group including 2 newborns under 30 days of life. Comité r immuno-eletrophoresis was positive in 87 patients: 59,77% (52 cases) wilh Scrolypc B and 40,22% (35 cases) with Serotype C. Infections in which a preponderance ol mononuclear cells was observed in the cerebrospinal fluid represented 8,33%, 19,96% and 14,4% of the cases in each group. One possible agent was the Mumps vírus which infecled 73 patients. Global lethality was 6,23%: 0,18% in Group A; 2,22% in Group B and 3,84% in Group C. A low number of bactéria isolation was reporled and this was probably due to antibiotics used before cerebrospinal fluid was Cdllcctcd for examination.