Simulação probabilística de recarga de veículos elétricos em redes de distribuição de energia elétrica

Abstract

In last years and in accordance with electric mobility policies, the introduction of electric vehicles has been stimulated as efficient and environmentally justifiable means of transport. Electricity distribution networks, in addition to serving conventional loads, will then need to organize themselves to serve these new loads that “move” along the network, bringing changes in normal operation. Thus, in this work, a probabilistic simulation based on the Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to analyze technical impacts of charging of electric vehicles in distribution networks. Within the simulation, random variables related to the charging time, the state of charge of the batteries (SOC) and the time of arrival of the vehicles at the charging stations are modeled in a probabilistic way, in order to obtain more realistically results from the system operation. Tests with electricity distribution networks known from the literature are carried out to identify the impact of probabilistic modeling on voltage profiles and energy losses in the network under study. From the results obtained, it is observed that depending on the number of EVs introduced in the network, the bars that support the charging of electric vehicles may have low voltage levels, acting in a critical service regime. In addition, the active energy losses of the entire network due to the penetration of electric vehicles can increase considerably when compared to the scenario without these vehicles.