Emergência e caracterização biométrica inicial de cajuzinho-arbóreodo-cerrado (Anacardium othonianum Rizz.) em diferentes temperaturas e substratos

Abstract

Cerrado tree cashew (Anacardium othonianum Rizz) is predominantly harvested, making it essential to master seedling production techniques for conservation and large-scale production. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate emergence and development of cerrado tree cashew at different temperatures and substrates. Fruits and pseudo fruits were collected in the region of Luziânia (GO). The experiment was carried out at the Biotechnology laboratory of the Federal Goiano Institute - Campus Urutaí, where the emergence and development of cerrado tree cashew seedlings under different substrates and temperatures under controlled conditions were evaluated. The design was completely randomized in a 4x4 factorial scheme (four substrates x four temperatures) and twenty replications. The substrates being: S1: commercial substrate + vermiculite (2: 1); S2: ravine earth + vermiculite + fine sand (2: 1: 1); S3: commercial substrate + embankment + vermiculite (2: 2: 1) and S4: embankment + vermiculite + rice husk (2: 1: 1), and temperatures: T1: 24 ° C; T2: 30 ° C; T3: 36 ° C and T4: 42 ° C. Emergency was evaluated daily for 40 consecutive days to obtain emergency percentage and emergency speed index. After 40 days of sowing, the following variables were evaluated: leaf pair number, plant height, stem diameter, leaf width, leaf length, root length, fresh matter and dry matter. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey test and regression analysis by Sisvar and Assistat 7.7 Beta software. The substrate S4 (ravine earth + vermiculite + rice straw) and the temperature of 30° C presented the best conditions of emergence and in the development of cashew tree seedlings.