Construindo conhecimento sobre a biologia evolutiva no ensino médio: a operação, a assimilação e a interação lúdica em um jogo pedagógico

Abstract

This article presents someresults of a doctoral thesis on the relationship between the experiences of the researcher, as a teacher, with what the specific literature in the area of Biology Teaching points out about the needs of teaching Biological Evolution in Basic Education. Thepurpose of this study was to provide theoretical support for thinking about possibilities for building knowledge of concepts related to Biological Evolution in the classroom based on the use of a playful pedagogical strategy, a pedagogical game. Initially, the study presented a theoretical discussion on aspects of teaching Biological Evolution in Basic Education, relating this teaching to the need for innovation in terms of strategies. Then, the theoretical discussion characterized the pedagogical game relating it to Piaget's Genetic Epistemology. After a brief theoretical discussion, we presented the methodological procedures of the qualitative research carried out with 21 volunteer students, from two classes of the 3rd grade of High School of a Full Time Education Center, located in the municipality of Jataí, state of Goiás. The analysis took place from the content constructed during the application of the game to students, recorded through audio-visual recording and later transcribed. In order to evaluatethe game, seeking to verify possibilities of allowing the construction of knowledge of evolutionary concepts, three categories that emerged in the pre-content analysis were brought to discussion: operation, assimilation and playful interaction. Throughoutthe analysis, at various moments in the application of the game, situations of operation, assimilation and playful interaction were observed. In these moments, it was also evident that abstract evolutionary concepts selected for the game, such as common ancestor and speciation, were collectively operated and assimilated by the students.At the end, based on the results achieved, the authors reflect on the importance of the pedagogical game, above all, in the teaching and learning process of Biological Evolution in Basic Education.