O papel do TREM-2 em diferentes tipos de câncer: mecanismos de ação e potencial terapêutico

Abstract

The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2) has been extensively studied for its role in modulating the tumor microenvironment and the progression of different types of cancer. This receptor plays essential functions in regulating inflammation, phagocytosis, and immune response, acting either in promoting or inhibiting tumor growth depending on the context. In this study, a literature review was conducted to investigate the mechanisms of action of TREM-2 in the tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications. The results indicate that TREM-2 overexpression is associated with an immunosuppressive phenotype in certain types of cancer, facilitating immune evasion and tumor growth. However, its activation in other contexts can enhance antitumor immune responses, making it a potential therapeutic target. Recent studies have explored the artificial modulation of TREM-2 as a therapeutic strategy, either by inhibiting it in immunosuppressive tumors or by activating it to enhance immunotherapy. Therefore, understanding the functional dynamics of TREM-2 is essential for developing new targeted therapeutic approaches against cancer.