Distribuição quântica de chaves utilizando o perfil transversal de fótons únicos

Abstract

The Quantum Key Distribution is a Quantum Cryptography protocol that promises to achieve a high level of security in the transmission of confidential information. This procedure guarantees the security of the exchange of sensitive information due to the use of quantum properties in a system, such as the non-cloning theorem, Bell’s inequality and the superposition of states. In the following work, a study is made of the transversal profile of single photons within the field of quantum cryptography. We analyze theoretically and experimentally Quantum Key Distribution protocols that use transverse continuous variables and single photon polarization variables. In addition, we investigate a new form of attack that is potentially dangerous for quantum key distribution systems.