Population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae, Pilosa) in Brazil
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2017
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The giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla, Pilosa, Linnaeus 1758) belongs to the mammalian order Pilosa and
presents a large distribution along South America, occupying a great variety of habitats. It is listed in the IUCN Red
List of threatened species as Vulnerable. Despite threatened, there is a lack of studies regarding its genetic variability.
The aim of this study was to examine the genetic diversity and patterns of genetic structure within remaining populations.
We analyzed 77 individuals from seven different populations distributed in four biomes across Brazil:
Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest and Amazon Forest. We sequenced two mitochondrial markers (control region
and Cyt-b) and two nuclear markers (AMELY and RAG2). We found high genetic diversity within subpopulations
from National Parks of Serra da Canastra and Emas, both within the Cerrado biome, with signs of population expansion.
Besides, we found a notable population structure between populations from the Cerrado/Pantanal and Amazon
Forest biomes. This data is a major contribution to the knowledge of the evolutionary history of the species and to future
management actions concerning its conservation.
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Giant anteater, Population structure, Xenarthra, Cerrado, Genetic diversity
Citação
CLOZATO, Camila L.; MIRANDA, Flávia R.; LARA-RUIZ, Paula; COLLEVATTI, Rosane G.; SANTOS, Fabrício R. Population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla: Myrmecophagidae, Pilosa) in Brazil. Genetics and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto, v. 40, n. 1, p. 50-60, 2017. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2016-0104. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/j/gmb/a/qTBM7grYdtCv7bWc7WGzndk/?lang=en. Acesso em: 22 mar. 2023.