Sampling effort and information quality provided by rare and common species in estimating assemblage structure
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2020
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studies and representative sample sizes. However, large sampling effort is rarely possible, because it
demands large financial resources and time, restricting the number of sites sampled, the duration of the study
and the sampling effort at each site. In this context, we need methods and protocols allowing cost-effective
surveys that would, consequently, increase the knowledge about how biodiversity is distributed in space and
time. Here, we assessed the minimal sampling effort required to correctly estimate the assemblage structure of
stream insects sampled in near-pristine boreal and subtropical regions. We used five methods grouped into two
different approaches. The first approach consisted of the removal of individuals 1) randomly or 2) based on a
count threshold. The second approach consisted of simplification in terms of 1) sequential removal from rare to
common species; 2) sequential removal from common to rare species; and 3) random species removal. The
reliability of the methods was assessed using Procrustes analysis, which indicated the correlation between a
reduced matrix (after removal of individuals or species) and the complete matrix. In many cases, we found a
strong relationship between ordination patterns derived from presence/absence data (the extreme count
threshold of a single individual) and those patterns derived from abundance data. Also, major multivariate
patterns derived from the complete data matrices were retained even after the random removal of more than half
of the individuals. Procrustes correlation was generally high (> 0.8), even with the removal of 50% of the
species. Removal of common species produced lower correlation than removal of rare species, indicating higher
importance of the former to estimate resemblance between assemblages. Thus, we conclude that sampling designs
can be optimized by reducing the sampling effort at a site. We recommend that such efforts saved should be
redirected to increase the number of sites studied and the duration of the studies, which is essential to encompass
larger spatial, temporal and environmental extents, and increase our knowledge of biodiversity.
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Community ecology, Minimal sampling effort, Biological diversity, Stream insects, Procrustes
Citação
SGARBI, Luciano F.; BINI, Luis M.; Heino, Jani ; JYRKÃNKALLIO-MIKKOLA, Jenny; LANDEIRO, Victor L.; SANTOS, Edineusa P.; SCHNECK, Fabiana; SIQUEIRA, Tadeu; SOININEN, Janne; TOLONEN, Kimmo T.; MELO, Adriano S. Sampling effort and information quality provided by rare and common species in estimating assemblage structure. Ecological Indicators, Amsterdam, v. 110, e105937, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105937. DisponÃvel em: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1470160X1930932X. Acesso em: 30 dez. 2022.