The role of macroinvertebrates for conservation of freshwater systems
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2017-10
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Freshwater ecosystems are the most threatened ecosystems worldwide. Argentinian-protected
areas have been established mainly to protect vertebrates and plants in
terrestrial ecosystems. In order to create a comprehensive biodiverse conservation
plan, it is crucial to integrate both aquatic and terrestrial systems and to include macroinvertebrates.
Here, we address this topic by proposing priority areas of conservation
including invertebrates, aquatic ecosystems, and their connectivity and land uses.
Location: Northwest of Argentina. We modeled the ecological niches of different taxa
of macroinvertebrates such as Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Megaloptera,
Lepidoptera, Odonata, Plecoptera, Trichoptera, Acari, and Mollusca. Based on these
models, we analyzed the contribution of currently established protected areas in the
conservation of the aquatic biodiversity and we propose a spatial prioritization taking
into account possible conflict regarding different land uses. Our analysis units were
the real watersheds, to which were added longitudinal connectivity up and down the
rivers. A total of 132 species were modeled in the priority area analyses. The analysis
1 showed that only an insignificant percentage of the macroinvertebrates distribution
is within the protected areas in the North West of Argentina. The analyses 2 and 3
recovered similar values of protection for the macroinvertebrate species. The upper
part of Bermejo, Salí-Dulce,
San Francisco, and the Upper part of Juramento basins
were identified as priority areas of conservation. The aquatic ecosystems need special
protection and 10% or even as much as 17% of land conservation is insufficient for
species of macroinvertebrates. In turn the protected areas need to combine the
aquatic and terrestrial systems and need to include macroinvertebrates as a key group
to sustain the biodiversity. In many cases, the land uses are in conflict with the conservation
of biodiversity; however, it is possible to apply the connectivity of the watersheds
and create multiple-use
modules.
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Connectivity, Watersheds, Conservation planning, Zonation, Invertebrates, Species distribution models, South America, Spatial prioritization
Citação
NIETO, Carolina et al. The role of macroinvertebrates for conservation of freshwater systems. Ecology and Evolution, Oxford, v. 7, n. 14, p. 5502-5513, Oct. 2017. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3101. Disponível em: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5528230/. Acesso em: 16 fev. 2023,