Administração bucal de biomoléculas terapêuticas: descrição dos desafios e das estratégias tecnológicas descritas na literatura

Abstract

Buccal delivery of therapeutic biomolecules is an attractive route of administration that has been extensively studied in recent years. This route bypasses first-pass hepatic and intestinal metabolism and can be used for drugs both locally and systemically, in addition to having a milder pH, when compared to the stomach, and has few proteolytic enzymes. However, although it is a route of administration that has numerous advantages, there are obstacles such as the limited absorption area and barrier properties that the mucosa presents. To overcome these obstacles, strategies were planned with promising approaches, such as the use of nanoparticles in oral films, gels and tablets, as well as the use of vaccines using microneedles that guarantee an improvement in the bioavailability of biopharmaceuticals/antigens administered via the oral route. Overall, the aim of this review was discussing recent advances on nanotechnological approaches developed to date to improve buccal delivery of therapeutic biomolecules.