Análise mineralógica e aplicaçõestecnológicas do resíduo da extração de esmeraldas dos Garimpos de Carnaíba e Socotó/BA em composição de massas cerâmicas

Abstract

The extraction of emeralds in the Carnaíba and Campo Formoso mountain ranges in Bahia generates significant environmental residue. This study aimed to characterize the residue from the Carnaíba (Pindobaçu-BA) and Socotó (Campo Formoso-BA) mines and to develop composite materials with clay for the production of ceramic materials in the construction industry. Formulations were prepared with varying concentrations of clay and mineral residue (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%), which were subjected to chemical and mineralogical analyses using X-ray fluorescence and diffraction. The samples were sintered at different temperatures (850°C, 900°C, 950°C, 1000°C, 1100°C, and 1200°C) and tested for water absorption (WA%), apparent porosity (AP%), linear shrinkage (LS%), loss on ignition (LOI%) and flexural strength (FS MPa). The results revealed important characteristics for the ceramic industry, such as the presence of SiO2and Al2O3, which positively affect the properties of the final pieces. The mineralogical diversity, including mullite, metakaolinite, indialite, and quartz, contributed to the strength and stability of the composites. The formulations C20(20% Carnaíba residue) and S10(10% Socotó residue) achieved the best results, standing out for their technical feasibility and sustainability in ceramic production.