Association between genetic polymorphisms and host susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Host genetic polymorphisms are predictive markers of susceptibility to infections. The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori can cause inflammation and molecular changes with various clinical outcomes. This study aimed to characterize host molecular biomarkers associated with susceptibility to H. pylori infection through a systematic review using PRISMA guidelines. The research was conducted across five databases, selecting observational studies without time or language restrictions and excluding animal studies. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023409085). Out of 4.683 articles, 35 were included, identifying 43 polymorphisms in 30 genes. 06 polymorphisms were analyzed in the meta-analysis: IL1B-C31T (rs1143627), IL1B-C511T (rs16944), TLR1 C>T (rs4833095), TLR4 A>G (rs4986790), TLR10 A>T (rs10004195), and TNF308 G>A (rs1800629). IL1B-C511T and TLR4 A>G increased susceptibility, while TLR1 C>T and TLR10 A>T offered protection. Host genetic determinants are strongly related to infection susceptibility. This study identified genomic variants and characterized the host genetic risk profile, contributing to targeted approaches for the target population and personalized medicine in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of H. pylori infection.