Produção e ciclagem de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura nas culturas de arroz de terras altas e de soja
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Data
2011
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Resumo
The cover crops in no-till system can contribute to the formation of mulch and nutrient
cycling to annual crops in succession. The objective of this study was to evaluate biomass
production and nutrient cycling of cover crops sown in the second growing season, in crop
rotation after upland rice and soybean, in no-tillage and conventional tillage systems, on a Red
Latassol of Rio Verde, state of Goiás, from April 2008 to April 2010. The experiment was
evaluated in randomized strips, in a 5 x 6 factorial design, with four replications. In the
horizontal strips two soil management systems (after three years of no-tillage and conventional
systems) were evaluated and the cover crops in the vertical strips. Biomass and ground cover
and nutrient cycling rates were only evaluated in the no-till treatments, in a 5 x 6 factorial
arrangement, where the plots were subdivided, corresponding to six harvest dates of dried
biomass 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days after cutting of the cover crops. The following cover
crops were sown in the second growing season: Brachiaria ruziziensis, Pennisetum glaucum
and B. ruziziensis + Cajanus cajan and a fallow treatment as reference. Biomass production
and the rates of soil cover and nutrient accumulation and release by cover crops as well as rice
and soybean yield were evaluated. B. ruziziensis and B. ruziziensis + C. cajan performed best
in biomass production, ground cover and nutrient accumulation at the end of the cover crops.
The nutrients N and K had the highest concentration in the biomass, and the highest nutrient
release to the soil was observed for K and P. The highest rice yield was observed when grown in
no-tillage on crop residues of P. glaucum and B. ruziziensis, while soybean yields did not
differ in the treatments.
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Sucessão de culturas, Cobertura morta, Plantio direto, Produtividade de grãos, Decomposição, crops succession, No-tillage, Grain yield, Decomposition, Mulch
Citação
PACHECO, Leandro Pereira; BARBOSA, Juliano Magalhães; LEANDRO, Wilson Mozena; MACHADO, Pedro Luiz Oliveira de Almeida; ASSIS, Renato Lara de; MADARI, Beata Emoke; PETTER, Fabiano André. Produção e ciclagem de nutrientes por plantas de cobertura nas culturas de arroz de terras altas e de soja. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, Viçosa, v. 35, p. 1587-1799, 2011.