Artificial intelligence-driven protocol for secure and standardized maneuver control in electrical substations

Abstract

Notwithstanding recent advances in substation automation, no existing protocol integrates human–machine interaction, intelligent interlocking, operational autonomy, and artificial intelligence analysis in sequential maneuvering contexts. This study proposes an automated interface to optimize and control switching operations in electrical substations by integrating operational protocols, automated documentation generation, and artificial intelligence techniques with interactive graphical visualization. The developed solution enables sequential command execution, classification of operational events, and automatic generation of auditable reports, enhancing accuracy and traceability in operations. A total of 108 real files, corresponding to 54 events with documented failures, were analyzed and used to train and validate a recurrent convolutional neural network model. The system achieved an accuracy of 82.92% in error detection, along with reductions of 42.7% in the average operational response time and 38.5% in failure frequency. In addition to standardizing procedures, the interface demonstrated adaptability to different substation topologies and configurations, establishing itself as a scalable, secure, and efficient alternative for assisted operation environments. The results suggest that the proposed solution contributes to reducing inconsistencies, increasing decision-making autonomy, and strengthening operational safety in the power sector.